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THE DIAMOND MIRROR, 



REFLECTING 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE, 



WITH 



A POmTED CEIsTTEll^I^IAL. 



BY 

PAULUS, 

ONCE ONE OF " THE BOYS IN BLUE.' 



cLyUcAJ-i-^i -^ 



vjJUj-UjT^ 



Toung America, see thyself. 



V" 

PHIL ADELPH I A: 
187 6. 



T 






K5 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1876, by 

LEWIS SYLVESTER HOUGH, ,^. 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 



\ 



PEEFAOE, 



When you have nothing to say, say nothing. 

Franklin. 

When you have something to say, say something. 

Paulus. 



(8) 



COl^TEXTS. 



ALLEGORICAL HISTORY OF THE UXIOX. 

PAGB 

A famous marriage — The birth of a remarkable boy — He was named 
Samuel — Two unsuccessful attempts to kill him — The boy afflicted 
with a hereditary disease — Otherwise remarkably sprightly and 
promising — The course of true love between his parents no longer 
running smoothly — The woman asks for a separation — Refused — 
She sues for a divorce — The law is adverse — She fights for a divorce 
— The man did not wish to fight, but had to or lose a wife he loved 
better than his own life — She shows great courage in the conflict — 
Her chivalrous husband loves her all the better for the fine martial 
qualities she displays — Considers her his " better half," and becomes 
determined never to let her go, as a worse half without a better is 
not good — He recourts his wife in the same way that Napoleon the 
First courted the Austrian Princess — He gains his point — The boy 
Samuel roughly used during the conflict — His sudden conversion — 
The rough treatment breaks up and eradicates the hereditary dis- 
ease, but leaves Samuel in an exhausted condition, and greatly 
needing correct medical treatment — His treatment by successive 
physicians, as Drs. Abram, Andrew, and Ulysses — Shocking mal- 
practice ! — Poor Samuel bled and leeched almost to death — A true 
diagnosis and prescription by the late Dr. Horace .... 7 

AX ADDRESS TO AMERICAN CITIZENS. 

Value and dignity of American citizenship — An American citizen 
superior to a king, equal to a president, and much greater than a 
president that steals, or patronizes oflBcial thieves — The preamble 
and Constitution of the United States — Official oath — How the 
president swears but does not perform — The difl'ereuce between a 
common thief and a presidential thief— Political corruption and 
official rascality generally— A brief review of secession in its legal 
bearings — Its cause and consequences — The true way to a perfect 
reconciliation between the North and South, and to lasting national 

prosperity and happiness 18 

1* (5) 



6 CONTENTS. 

PAGB 

A FABLE, AND ITS APPLICATION TO OUE, PRESENT 
NATIONAL POLITICS. 

Brief history of the political parties — Proposed marriage of au Ameri- 
can prince and princess 56 

CENTENNIAL POINTS ADDRESSED TO THE PEOPLE 
OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Our future prospects as a nation 60 



THE DIAMOND MIRROR. 



ALLEGORICAL HISTORY OF THE UNION. 

Lord North was married to Lady South about the year 
1774. Both were of honorable European descent. Lord North 
was of sturdy English blood, bold, self-reliant, and enteiprisiiig. 
Lady South was of noble English and French blood combined. 
She was a lady well educated, refined, and beautiful, and in 
every way a suitable companion for Lord North. Both Avere 
well adapted for developing the resources of the New World. 

The crowned heads of Europe, with one or two exceptions, 
viewed this promising match with great aversion and jealousy. 
They did not like to see established in the New World a family 
union possessing all the qualities of true nobility and royalty, 
and yet discarding all the external signs of these qualities. The 
American idea, embraced by Lord and Lady North, is that 
nobility is within; the European, that it is without. Notwith- 
standing considerable opposition, the marriage was accomplished 
with satisfaction, at least to the two parties most concerned. 

One pleasant Sabbath morning, as Lord and Lady North 
were sitting in the parlor, she suddenly arose, and, taking from 
a stand the old family Bible, handed it to Lord North, say- 
ing, " History often repeats itself, and especially the promises 
in this best of all books. Let us consider the first promise 
you read as addressed to us." "Agreed," said Lord North. 
He opened the book, and this was the first verse meeting his 
eye : " And I will bless her, and give thee a son also of her : 



8 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations ; 
kings of people shall be of her." Genesis xvii. 16. "A won- 
derful promise, truly !" said Lord North. " To have a son, and 
become a mother of nations, is all republican enough ; but 
' kings of people' sounds rather anti-republican." " You do 
not put the right construction on it," archly replied Lady 
North : " ' kings of people' means a people or nation of kings. 
It is the province of kings and queens to govern ; a people or 
nation governing themselves are a nation of kings and queens." 

To Lady and Lord North a son was born July 4, 1776. 
Whether or not he was the boy promised, he certainly was a 
promising boy. He inherited the sterling qualities of his father, 
with the fine intellectual qualities and beautiful features of his 
mother. The birth of the boy was announced from the State- 
House steps, Philadelphia,, to shouting multitudes, and the old 
Liberty-bell sent forth its merry peals. The boy was named 
Samuel, after Samuel the prophet and king-maker of ancient 
Israel. 

Amidst all these rejoicings the British Lion roared. He, like 
Herod of old on the birth of a kingly boy, resolved to destroy 
liim. So the British Lion growled and showed his teeth. But 
Lord and Lady North united their forces, raised the stars and 
stripes over the bristling Lion, brought the American Eagle to 
swoop down upon him again and again, till the Lion, fearing 
the Eagle would pick his eyes out, turned tail to his foes, and 
left the boy Samuel in peace. A few years afterwards the 
British Lion again attempted to devour the growing boy, but 
was again repulsed. 

But it now becomes my painful duty to relate far greater 
misfortunes that befell the boy Samuel and his parents. Lord 
North and Lady South had inherited with their noble English 
blood a certain scrofulous disease ; his blood was tinged, hers 
charged, with it. Now, by the law of hereditary transmis- 
sion, Samuel's constitution received a dangerous taint of this 
disease. Concealed beneath a manly form and clear complexion 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 9 

and fair features, was this deadly foe to health and happiness. 
It tended constantly to make him irfitable, overbearing, and 
insolent. Lord North watched these developments with great 
anxiety, and urged the necessity of curative means to remove 
the cause. But Lady Soutli invariably opposed every curative 
process suggested : she was for indulging her son in all his 
waywardness, and especially in refusing all curative means in 
relation to his dangerous malady. 

Lord North remonstrated in vain. She gave him plainly 
to understand that, unless Samuel were let alone, he and she 
were no longer 07ie, but two; and that, if they separated, she 
would have Samuel, — at least her half of him. Lord North 
replied, " How can you have half of him ? If you divide him 
longitudinally you will kill him ; if you divide liim transversely, 
as King Solomon proposed to divide the disputed baby, that, 
too, will kill kim. If you dismember him, so as to get half, you 
will have to lop off limbs enough to balance the remaining 
trunk. In this case, the amputated parts would soon become 
lifeless, and the trunk useless." So great was the absurdity of 
Lady South's demands, that Lord North waxed exceedingly 
wroth, and swore by the Eternal that Lady South should not 
divide off so much as a toe-nail from Samuel ; that, as Samuel 
was not begotten of her alone, she had no right to claim any- 
thing but joint and undivided possession; that, however much 
he had loved her, he would fight, sooner than see his beloved 
son sliced like a beef, to be peddled out from a cart-tail. 

"Well," says Lady South, " if I cannot have my share of 
Samuel, I will have the whole of him!" "That," says Lord 
North, " depends on which can fight the hardest and longest." 

Thus this domestic brawl commenced. This formerly loving 
pair broke into terrible discord. They marshaled their forces 
for deadly conflict, simply because Samuel could not be divided, 
and neither would yield him undivided. Many gallant hearts 
espoused the cause of Lady South, determined to defend her, 
right or wrong. Many stout hearts rallied around Lord North, 



10 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

determined to keep Samuel undivided. It could be easily read 
from the respective banners that it was d. family quarrel. On 
each the stars looked like groups of angels, weeping in common 
over the folly of domestic discord, while the bars and stripes 
twisted into each other with hellish hate, like two suspended 
cats, trying to scratch each other's eyes out. 

Meanwhile, the young man Samuel began to be in a deplora- 
ble condition. He was the bone of contention ; and, like a bone 
in a dog's mouth, was constantly exposed to being cracked and 
crushed into pieces. At first, Lady South got nearly full pos- 
session of him ; but the forces of Lord North, rallying, seized 
Samuel by his head and shoulders and drew him away with 
such force that poor Samuel came near being pulled in pieces, 
and leaving to his distracted parents only to pick up the frag- 
ments. So tenaciously did the forces of Lady South hold on, 
that Lord North had to rally force after force to rescue Samuel. 

To such extremities was poor Samuel reduced, that the hered- 
itary disease, the original cause of all their troubles, was finally 
killed out; but, in killing the disease, poor Samuel was himself 
almost killed. He had been hustled about and between cross- 
fires so long, that he looked as if nearly ready to give up the 
ghost ; he began to feel himself almost as much abused as the 
son of a certain deacon, who, at the family altar, prayed thus: 
" Lord, thou seest my unbelieving son John, now kneeling 
before thee ! Lord, thou knowest what a sinner he has been ! 
I earnestly pray thee, Lord, either convert him or hill him !" 
Samuel was converted by the force of circumstances ; he began 
t^ fear that he should be killed also. 

After a long and strenuous war, in which many severe battles 
were fought and great bravery displayed by both parties, Lord 
North at length succeeded in rescuing Samuel entirely from the 
possession of Lady South. After this rescue Lord North began 
to relent towards Lady South. He began to reflect thus to 
himself: She was formerly a very dear companion, and is the 
mother of my only-begotten and well-beloved son. In the boy's 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. H 

infancy, lier forces, joined to mine, twice whipped' the British 
Lion. It is true she was wrung in her ruinous course towards 
Samuel. We have had a big fight over it ; I am victorious. 
But a few more such victories would ruin me. I have been 
fighting my own flesh and blood ; but I had to fight to save 
Samuel. She plucked the apple of discord, and did eat. She 
o-ave me also, and I did eat. The result has been considerable 
dying on both sides. But, woman-like, she has acted more 
from impulse than reason. She has been very tempestuous. 
But, after all, a tempest is sometimes better than a duck-pond. 
The former breeds commotion, the latter pestilence. The late 
tempest has, at least, cured Samuel of that hereditary disease 
which had long threatened his life. 

Lord North also consoled himself with the thought that the 
crowned heads of Europe, while they would rejoice and sneer 
at the great folly of this domestic war, would have to entertain 
a very wholesome respect for the great martial power displayed 
on both sides. For, if they could fight so like the devil among 
themselves, they could, when united, whip all creation outside. 

Lord North, thus reflecting, felt in his heart some revival of 
his former affection towards Lady South. He therefore wrote 
the following note : 

" North Mansion, Feb. 1, 1865. 

" To Lady South : 

" Sincerely regretting our late difficulties, I am desirous of 
ascertaining some mode of complete reconciliation. 

North." 

ANSWER. 

"South Mansion, Feb. 5, 1865. 

" To Lord North : 

"Your note is received, read, and considered. In reply, I 
have to state that, as our difficulties began about Samuel, they 
may also end with him. You insisted on treating Samuel Ibr 
a disease which you acknowledge to have been hereditary. The 
boy Samuel was certainly not to blame for inheriting a disease 



12 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

any more than for inheriting his flither's eyes or liis mother s 
features. He couldn't help it. The mode of treatment you 
proposed appeared to me so radical that I would not consent. 
I thought it would half kill him, or kill half of him ; and, as 
I loved the boy, I wanted the half that was not to be killed, 
and so I fought for a division. You have conquered. I sub- 
mit. I was wrong in protecting the boy in all his wayward- 
ness, and in resisting any reasonable mode of treating his 
hereditary disease. But I acted as mothers too usually act. 
Yet I was not exclusively to blame for alloy in a composition 
yourself helped to mould. 

" This domestic discord commenced about Samuel's disease. 
It may all end in Samuel's health. He is cured of his heredi- 
tary disease. In this I rejoice as well as you. But he is yet 
sick. Effect a complete cure, and I am one with you again. 
We have been divided over Samuel sick; we will be reunited 
over Samuel well. South. 

REPLY. 

"North Mansion, March 4, 1865. 

" My dear Madam : 

" Your logic is a two-edged sword with a sharp point. It 
has pricked me to the heart. Samuel shall he cured. I have 
just re-engaged the services of Dr. Abram, my family physician 
for the last four years. I am sure he will do all in his power 
to restore Samuel to perfect health. Then we will be no longer 
two., but one. 

" Yours, affectionately, 

" North." 

Now, Dr. Abram w^as a man of very benevolent heart. He 
had ever been true as steel to Lord North, and full of good will 
towards Lady South. The stern path of duty led him to side 
with Lord North, but he never bore aught of malice towards Lady 
South, and the moment the contest ended he eagerly plucked the 
olive-branch of peace, and waved it gracefully towards Lady 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 13 

South, and saluted her in the fuHness of his heart. Dr. Abram 
went to work in earnest to cure Samuel. He procured a huge 
strengthening plaster, called Universal Amnesty. It was in- 
vented and manufactured by Dr. Horace & Co., of New York. 
It is composed of the cream from the " milk of human kind- 
ness" and the balm of Gilead, in about equal proportions. Its 
great superiority is that it imparts strength without causing 
exhaustion. Dr. Abram, after consulting with Dr. Horace, was 
pi-eparing this plaster for application, when a maniac, being out 
of some asylum where he ought to have been, stealthily ap- 
proaching the doctor from behind, shot him; then, flourishing 
a dagger, fled, crying out, " Sic Semper Tyrannis," which 
meant, on this occasion, "A great and good man shot by a 
(s/t')k fool." 

Loi-d North greatly deplored this sudden taking away of his 
faithful servant, and Lady South deeply regretted that all the 
stray fools running at large had not been locked up. But 
something must be done to cure Samuel. So Lord North called 
into service Dr. Andrew, who was supposed to be well qualified 
to administer to Samuel. But, unfortunately for all concerned, 
Dr. Andrew was both egotistical and extremely mulish. Al- 
though no man more needed advice, yet he never took any. 
Surrounded by good advisers, he stood like the ass between two 
haystacks, starving because not knowing or making up his mind 
to which to go. He would rather kill than cure by any otlier 
mode than his own. His poUaj, or plan of curing, was law 
supreme in his own mind. 

Now, Dr. Andrew took the strengthening plaster, and, in- 
stead of applying it as prepared by Dr. Abram, he spread it 
out on a table before him, and, taking a large syringe filled with 
a strong decoction of mustard, red pepper, and North Carolina 
pine-pitch, he drenched its whole surface, like a boy watering 
a flower-bed with a squirt-gun. Then, taking the plaster, he 
applied it hot as boiling mush to Samuefs affected side. Poor 
Samuel cried out in agony ; but Dr. Andrew formed a circle to 

2 



14 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

keep him in, with the plaster sticking close. Samuel bellowed 
like a mad bull, and, seizing the plaster, pulled it off with a 
jerk, and with it slapped Dr. Andrew over the fiice. What a 
sight ! All the skin that did not peel off with the plaster, was 
left in a blister. The servants of Lord North had to interfere 
to keep Samuel from kicking Dr. Andrew out of doors. 

Whereupon Lord North concluded to dismiss Dr. Andrew. 
lie then called into service Dr. Ulysses. This doctor had 
shown a commendable zeal in rescuing Samuel, and therefore it 
was thought that he might be useful in curing him. Dr. 
Ulysses owned a beautiful cottage by the sea-side. He seemed 
to have a sort of Byronic love for the deep blue sea. Here he 
mostly resided, though sometimes he paid a transient visit to 
the North Mansion. 

When Dr. Ulysses received an invitation from Lord North 
to become his family physician, he immediately repaired to 
North Mansion to examine his patient. He looked at Samuel, 
felt his pulse, made him run out his tongue, and passed his 
hand over the affected side ; then stood back with both arms 
akimbo, slightly cocked his hat on one side, lit his cigar, and 
looked exceedingly wise, but said nothing. The next train 
dropped him at his sea-side cottage. Here, having lit his 
cigar, he walked by himself on the sea-shore ; and, as the 
waves rippled and dashed at his feet, it reminded him of a pas- 
sage from Shakspeare, — 

"■ There is a tide in the affairs of men, 
Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune." 

Then he thus mused : " The tide is now in my favor. Lord 
North wants me to administer to Samuel. I wish I understood 
the case. If I was wanted only to fight for him, this I could 
do ; but he wants me to cure him. If the forces of Lady 
South were again trying to pull him away, I would hold on to 
him like a dug to a root. I would break her bars and take her 
stars. But here I am expected to cure him. It is a singular 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 15 

case. One whole side smart as lightning, the other dull as 
thunder. To cure the disease, I nmst understand it. Here is 
the pinch. I understand killing, but curing is quite a diifer- 
ent thing. The profession generally find it much easier to kill 
than to cure. But here is the flood. If I mount the wave, it 
will flow me on to fortune. But what can I do ? BltecUng I 
understand. Cupping I once tried on myself, and it nearly 
ruined me. Oh, I have the idea ! I will bleed Samuel, and 
then apply leeches to the affected side." 

Dr. Ulysses drew several heavy puffs at his cigar, hastened- 
back to his cottage, entered his room, lit another cigar, sat 
down at a table, and wrote the following note to Lord North : 

"Long Branch, Nov. 30, 1867. 

" Much-esteemed North : 

" I accept of your kind invitation, with the understanding 
that my duties at North Mansion shall detain me only occasion- 
ally from my home by the sea-side. 

" I have the honor to be 

" Your obedient servant, 

" Ulysses." 

Dr. Ulysses then sent his surgeons to bleed Samuel, which 
thing they did very copiously. Then he sent throughout the 
North and gathered all the largest leeches he could find. These 
he applied to all the large blood-vessels on Samuel's affected 
side. The course prescribed on each alternate day was bleeding 
and leeching, then leeching and bleeding. After pursuing 
this course for nearly four years, Dr. Ulysses, becoming alarmed 
at the symptoms of his patient, bethought himself of Dr. 
Horace's Strengthening Plaster. Having somewhat modified, 
without bettering it, he slapped it on Samuers affected side. 
But the trouble now was that the patient had become so re- 
duced by bleeding and leeching, and leeching and bleeding, 
that there was not much left in the affected side to be strength- 



16 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

ened. However, the alarming symptoms became somewhat 
lessened. The patient began gradually to gain strength. But 
as the alarming symptoms of disease began to disappear, some 
few alarming symptoms of health began to manifest them- 
selves. 

Samuel, as he began to gain strength, finding himself sore 
from head to foot in consequence of the terrible treatment to 
which he had been subjected, began to show a strong inclina- 
tion to set Dr. Ulysses up in the leather business. As Samuel 
• felt that he had been considerably more tanned than cured in 
the severe treatment he had undergone, he began' to think that 
Dr. Ulysses might be much better at curing hides than curing 
him. 

Lord North began to suspect that his servants, and especially 
his family physicians, had greatly abused his confidence ; that 
instead of effecting a perfect cure on Samuel, and thus restor- 
ing to him the aff"ections of Lady South, they were pursuing 
such a course as to keep Samuel sick and Lady South alienated. 
He began to think of changing his course entirely. Meanwhile, 
he consulted Dr. Horace, who advised his old friend never to 
retain a family physician over four years ; for two reasons : 
1st. If a physician cannot cure a patient inside of four years, 
he ought to be dismissed. 2d. H he does cure him within four 
years, there is no need of his staying any longer. 

As it has been, the physician would manage, by blistering, 
bleeding, and other tom-foolery, to make and keep Samuel sick 
for four years in order that he might get the chance of staying 
another four years under the pretense of making him well 
again. And this had been the policy of Dr. Ulysses. And by 
having partially adopted or pretending to adopt, after nearly 
four years of malpractice, the remedies prescribed by Dr. 
Horace, he so far succeeded in retaining the flivor of Lord 
North as to be retained in service another four years. 

About this time, Dr. Horace, having been consulted about 
Samuel's disease, gave the following 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 17 



DIAGNOSIS. 

" The whole of one side nearly paralyzed. Only exception 
to complete paralysis is a feeble and irregular action of blood- 
vessels most essential to life. Constant danoer of congestion 
from engorgement of large blood-vessels on the side not para- 
lyzed. Mucous membrane of lungs coated over with sediment 
from which arises a strong odor of Havana cigars." 

Also, Dr. Horace gave the following 

PRESCRIPTION. 

" Equilibrium of action must be restored. Equality of circu- 
lation between the two halves of the system must be restored. 
No more bleeding, blistering, leeching, and such like foolery. 
Every part of the system must be brought into healthful action 
by free exercise in air entirely clear of tobacco-smoke, and by 
wholesome diet, etc. The bright arterial blood must flow freely 
and equally to all the extremities, so as to restore equilibrium 
of action to all parts of the system ; so much so that if Samuel 
were shut in a dark room, and each great toe alternately jjro- 
truded through a knot-hole and subjected to microscopic ex- 
amination, it would be impossible to tell which is Samuel's 
Northern great toe and which is Samuel's Southern great toe. 
When this condition occurs, and not till then, will Samuel be 
well, and Lord North and Lady South will be one again. 
Samuel's ^ood qualities are yet mainly undeveloped, like beauty 
in a rose-bud." 



2* 



18 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 



AN ADDRESS TO AMERICAN CITIZENS. 

Fellow-Citizens : 

I see before me the native country of kings. Not such kings 
as Europe makes with crown and sceptre; but such as God and 
the American Constitution make with hrain and muscle. The 
former are artificial kings, the latter natural kings. The lat- 
ter are superior to the former in the same proportion that 
natural light is superior to artificial light. God commenced 
king-making nearly nineteen centuries ago, when a Prince of 
the House of David began to whisper in the ear of the toil- 
worn and oppressed, " Thou art a man." Manhood is equal to 
kingship. A man who governs himself is a king. A nation 
that governs itself is a nation of kings. Although the great 
truth of royalty in manhood was thus divinely announced, yet 
it was never fully recognized in a political creed till Jefferson 
penned the immortal declaration, " All men are created free and 
equal, and endowed with certain inalienable rights, such ^s life, 
liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," 

Sovereignty in the people is clearly set forth in the preamble 
of the Constitution : 

" We the people of the United States, in order to form a 
more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tran- 
quillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general 
welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and 
our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the 
United States of America." 

Kings and emperors had hitherto ordained and established 
constitutions and laws. But here we the ijeople do ordain and 
establish this Constitution, and thus claim and exercise the right 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 19 

of sovereigns. And it becomes the people to behave as sov- 
ereigns ; to know their rights, duties, and dignities, and so use 
them as becomes a nation of sovereigns. These individual 
sovereigns meet once in four years to choose one from their own 
number to enforce the Constitution and to execute the laws. 
The one selected is called President or Executive ; because he is 
to superintend the execution of the laws. Here the President 
is not to rule, but to execute the laws, and these rule. The 
President civilly remains the equal of the individual sovereigns 
who elected him. But officially he becomes their servant. He 
enters into a contract with his brother sovereigns to serve them 
four years for a stated price. 

Article XII. Clause VII. U. S. Constitution : 

" The President shall at stated times receive for his services 
a compensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished 
during the period for which he shall have been elected ; and he 
shall not receive within that period any other emolument from 
the United States or any of them." 

Clauses VIII. and IX. : 

" Before he enter on the duties of his office, he shall take 
the following oath or affirmation : I do solemnly swear (or 
affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of 
the United States, and will to the best of my ability preserve, 
protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States." 

Section III. Duties of the President : 

" He shall from time to time give to Congress information of 
the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration 
such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient. He 
may on extraordinary occasions convene both Houses, or either 
of them, and in case of disagreement between them with re- 
spect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such 
time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive ambassadors and 
other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be 
faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the 
United States." 



20 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

Here is a plain contract between the President and the 
sovereign people. He agrees to perform certain things, and 
they agree to pay him a certain price for so doing. If he 
performs, the money is his ; if not, the money belongs to the 
people, or all that portion of it for which the people have 
not received a fair equivalent in services rendered according 
to contract. In stating the duties or services to be performed 
I will not mention those which he may perform ; but only 
those which he shall perform, and which he swears he will 
perform. 

1. He shall from time to time give to Congress information 
of the state of the Union. 

2. He shall recommend to their consideration such measures 
as he shall judge necessary and expedient. 

3. He shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers. 

4. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. 

5. He shall commission all the officers of the United States. 

6. He shall (according to his official oath) faithfully execute 
the office of President of the United States. 

7. He shall to the best of his ability preserve, protect, and 
defend the Constitution of the United States. 

The President lor doing these things is to receive a stated 
salary. Washington and his successors received $25,000 per 
year. President Grant since the great Congressional salary 
grab has received yearly $50,000 ; having suddenly doubled on 
all his illustrious predecessors. President Grant then has 
agreed to perform the above seven important items of service 
for the sovereign people of the United States for the sum of 
$50,000 per annum, payable quarterly. There are 365 days in 
a year, and 52 Sundays, which leave 313 worhing days. Out 
of these, we will allow the President the Fourth of July, Christ- 
mas, New Year, Washington's Birthday, Easter-Monday, and 
Thanksgiving Day. We will allow our sovereign President these 
holidays, because we, the sovereign people, usually get them 
when we work for wages by the year. Six holidays out, leave 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 21 

307 days for the President to earn his wages in. We the 
sovereign people usually get from 50 cents to $5 per day, ac- 
cording to occupation and smartness. Our fellow-sovereign, 
the President, gets S159.74iff per day. 

We the sovereign people have agreed among ourselves that 
if any one takes money without rendering a fair equivalent in 
labor or otherwise, according to contract, he is a thief, and 
that we will lock him up till he can learn to behave himself 
Now, I ask in all candor, why a rule good for the sovereign 
people is not equally good for the sovereign President. If I 
work for $921 per year, with Sundays and holidays out, I get 
just S3 per day. Now, if on pay-day I " slip up" on my em- 
ployer, and report ten days of service I never rendered, I get 
$30 under false pretense. In other words, I genteelly steal 
$30 from my employer. And if he finds it out and can prove 
it on me, he can legally and justly lock me up. Now, if on 
pay-day the President slips up on the treasury, and reports ten 
days of service he never rendered, he gets $1 597.44^^1 under 
false pretense. Or, in other words, he genteelly steals the above 
sum from the United States Treasury, the people's big pocket- 
book. Now, why not lock him up, or at least lock him out ? 
He stole a bigger pile than I did. Why lock up me, one of 
the sovereign people, for stealing $30, and let the sovereign 
President run at large after stealing fifty-two times $30 ? This 
is using odth., with a difi'erence greatly against the sovereign 
people. 

But my supposition is extremely moderate and modest. If 
when quarterly pay-day comes the President had a conscience 
to reckon up the exact number of days he has wasted at watering- 
places, at horse-racing, and at sitting oblivious to the cares uf 
state, with wreaths of cigar-smoke encircling his brow like thun- 
der-clouds about the head of Jupiter, if he would add uj) all the 
days thus and otherwise wasted, he would probably find the 
amount over forty days out of the seventy-six days for work in 
the quarter. In this case the amount fraudulently abstracted 



22 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

from the people's pocket-book would be four times the sum 
above named. 

Let us now briefly consider some of the acts which the Presi- 
dent shall do, in order to receive lioncstly his quarterly salary. 
" He shall from time to time give to Congress information of 
the state of the Union." Now, in cooking a rabbit, the first 
thing is to catch him. He would not cook well running at 
large ! So the first thing in giving information to Congress is 
to get the information to give. Now, a President must be wide 
awake to enlighten Congress on the state of the Union. He 
will have to study late and early in order to give any informa- 
tion to Congress. A President without habits of close study 
and observation cannot give information, for he has none to 
give. And how much more is this the case when a President 
is not a close student and observer of events, and cannot become 
so, because he loves fast horses, smoking, lounging, etc. ! What ! 
he obtain information of the state of the Union with such 
habits ! He might as well undertake to gain information of the 
elements of Euclid by sucking at the bunghole of a cider-barrel. 

And so it is on point second. In order to recommend any 
measure to Congress, he must know something to recommend. 
And how shall he know anything without study and observa- 
tion ? 

Caesar wanted to make his horse a Roman consul. If the 
American people would only make all their fast horses senators^ 
Grant, no doubt, could manage them to a charm. But now 
it is otherwise. Some of the Senators think too much. And 
probably, next to fast horses. Grant likes /a^ men, who are not 
generally troublesome. 

Cjssar. — " Let me have men about me that are fat; 
Sleek-headed men, and such as sleep o' nights : 
Tond' Cassius has a lean and hungry look : 
He thinks too much ; such men are dangerous. 
Would he were fatter. He reads too much. 
He is a great observer, and he looks 
Quite through the deeds of men." 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 23 

It is "well for the American people that they have some Sena- 
tors that think ; that the}^ have an Argus-eyed press to look 
quite through the deeds of men, and especially of one man. 

3. " He (the President) shall receive ambassadors and other 
public ministers." 

Shall receive them; where ? At Long Branch, or at a race- 
course ? }yhere can they find you, Mr. President ? 

4. " He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed." 
There is at least one very important law that has not been 

faithfully executed, and that law is this : "Thou shalt not steal." 
It is said that on one occasion Grant got his office-holders 
together, and, taking his cigar from his mouth, told them to 
obey this law. But they retorted, in the words of Paul, " Thou 
therefore that teachest another, teachest thou not thyself? Thou 
that preachest a man should not steal, dost tliov. steal ?" Grant 
replied, in the immortal words of the youthful Washington, '' I 
cannot tell a lie ; I did it." 

5. " He shall commission all the officers of the United 
States." 

This Grant has faithfully done as he understood it. But, as 
he looked at the sentence through a cloud of cigar-smoke, he 
read it thus : " He shall commission all his personal friends 
and relatives as officers of the United States." 

6. " I will faithfully execute the office of President of the 
United States." 

On this clause also he put a smohy construction, and read it 
thus : " I will faithfully enrich myself in the office of Presi- 
dent of the United States." 

7. "I will to the best of my ability preserve, protect, and 
defend the Constitution of the United States." 

The Constitution is the beau-ideal of political truth. Its 
object, as stated in the Preamble, is — 1st, to form a more perfect 
union ; 2d, to establish justice ; 3d, to insure domestic tran- 
quillity ; 4th, to provide for the common defense ; 5th, to pro- 
mote the general welfare ; and 6th, to secure the blessings of 



24 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

liberty to ourselves and posterity. The purposes for which 
the sovereign people ordained and established the Constitution 
are : 1, Union ; 2, Justice ; 3, Domestic Tranquillity ; 4, Com- 
mon Defense ; 5, General Welfare ; 6, Blessings of Liberty to 
us and ours. 

The Union was born of States politically equal. Each of the 
thirteen original Colonies was desirous of a separation from Great 
Britain. But neither was able to eiFect it without all joining 
for mutual aid and defense. A general convention of delegates 
from the several Colonies was first called in September, 1774. 
This Convention was called Continental Congress. They pre- 
pared a Bill of Rights. In May, 1775, they declared the United 
Colonies independent. This Declaration of Independence was 
adopted July 4, 1776. The Colonies were declared to be free 
and independent States ; not independent of each other, but 
together independent of Great Britain. They fought, they 
conquered, not as separate States, but as a Union of States. 

The Continental Congress continued to be the National Gov- 
ernment till March, 1781, when the Articles of Confederation 
were adopted. These Articles continued in force till superseded 
by the present Constitution in September, 1788. By the Con- 
tinental Congress there was a union of the Colonies. By the 
Articles of Confederation there was a union of the States. By 
the Constitution there is a union of the people of the several 
States into one General Government. The several States re- 
tained each its own Government in all local affairs. But all 
national affairs were committed to the General Government. 
So that a man is locally a State citizen^ but nationally a United 
States citizen. First, we were British Colonies. Second, we 
were Colonies united under the Continental Congress. Third, 
we were States united under the Articles of Confederation. 
And, lastly, we are the people of the several States united 
under the Constitution into one General Government. All our 
blessings, as a nation, have resulted from union, and all our 
woes from attempts at disunion or secession. It was union 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 25 

that made us declare and gain our independence. It is union 
that has made us a great and prosperous nation. 

It is an axiom in law, that no contract can be annulled ex- 
cept by the same authority that formed it ; and that if a 
Legislature enact several successive laws on the same subject, 
the last enactment holds good in preference to any of the 
former. The last law may modify, alter, or annul any or all 
of the former ones. If the last law is annulled, it revives the 
one superseded by it ; and if this too becomes repealed, it re- 
vives the one next back of it \ and so on. There is only one 
kind of secession that can be legal^ and that is simply retrogres- 
sion. 

The people of the United States ordained and established 
the Constitution ; and hence it is by their authority alone that 
the Constitution can be annulled. No State, or number of 
States, or all the States together while acting as States, can 
annul the Constitution. But if all the people of the several 
States should assemble in their respective districts and fairly 
vote to annul it, then it would be annulled by the same power 
or authority that called it into being. Such an act would 
legally place us back under the Articles of Confederation. 
Then the several States would be empowered to act. For the 
Articles of Confederation were formed by the States, and not 
by the people of the several States. When a State acts, it is 
through its Legislature the people speak. AVhen the people of 
a State act, it is by their direct vote, and not by intervention of 
the Legislature. If the States, then, through their Legislatures 
should annul the Articles of Confederation, then it would 
bring us under a Continental Congress. If then the delegates 
from the several States should vote to dissolve the defensive 
union, we should be resolved into Colonies of Great Britain, 
and become dutiful subjects of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. 
For if we dissolve the Union, we must renounce all the results 
of that Union. The process above mentioned would be legal 
secession, or rather retrocession. But the kind of secession 

n 

B o 



26 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

inaugurated by South Carolina was entirely illegal. It was 
exactly similar to a case like tliis. Suppose some State Legis- 
lature is in session. Suppose some member of that Legislature 
is anxious to pass a certain law. But he knows that a majority 
will be against him. He therefore calls together a half a dozen 
or more that coincide with him. These watch their opportunity 
and slip in sometime between the regular sessions, put one of 
their number in the Speaker's chair, and pretend to pass the 
law, and if the Governor refuses to sign it they slip in again 
and pass it again by two-thirds majority, and then proclaim it 
to the people as a law ! 

The Legislature competent to alter, amend, or repeal the 
Constitution is the people of the United States. South Caro- 
lina contained but a small portion of this great Legislature, and 
as a State had no right to act at all in the matter till the people 
of the United States, assembled in their votive capacity, had 
repealed the Constitution, and thus had thrown the several 
States back under the Articles of Confederation. 

Great Britain saw the ultimate results of secession. She 
was delighted with the prospect of seeing our national manhood 
resolved into a lot of British babies. Her bosom began to 
swell, and the milk of kindness to flow. 

But though secession in a line directly backwards, when 
duly authorized by the people of the United States, would 
have been legal, yet it would have been contrary to the course 
of human events and to natural progress. Nations, like indi- 
viduals, have their infancy, childhood, youthhood, and man- 
hood. Onward the Star of Empire takes its way. Secession, 
had it been legal, was a move backwards. It was a dangerous 
political heresy, a great national absurdity. 

Brother Jonathan had some faint recollection of having loved 
Great Britain when he was himself a British baby. But the 
idea, now in his manhood of being shced up into British babies, 
was preposterous ! He was as much puzzled as Nicodemus was 
to know Jiow he could be born again. Could he enter the 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 27 

second time into the womb of Great Britain and be born ? lie 
would have to reverse the national motto. Instead of reading 
" E Pluribus Unum," it would have to read " Plurcs E Uno." 
And these Plures would all be British babies. Jonathan had 
no objection to Great Britain's getting all the babies she wanted, 
in a hecoming way. But to tins way of getting babies he was 
decidedly opposed. For two reasons : 1st. He wanted no part 
of himself sliced off. 2d. He considered the parts desired to 
be sliced off far too good material to be moulded into British 
babies. So Jonathan concluded that there should be no slicing. 
He then thoughtfully whistled " Yankee Doodle," and put him- 
self in an attitude of defense. 

Thus occurred the great American conflict. The North 
fought for a good idea, the South for a had one. Both ex- 
hibited great resolution and bravery in the contest. The North^ 
finally prevailed. The question now occurs, How should the 
South be treated? Why, treat her as a brave, vanipiished 
foe ought to be treated, — with kindness. To fight for one's 
country is manly, is noble ; but to trample on a fallen foe is 
mean, is devilish. Alexander the Great once asked a conquered 
foe, from whom he had met a stout resistance, how he wished 
to be treated. " Like a king," said he. Alexander did treat 
him like a king. He restored him his dominions and dignities, 
and afterwards had no firmer friend than this same conquered 
foe. King William III., when a few regiments of Highlanders 
had raised a standard of rebellion, sent after them his faithful 
Dutch warriors and quickly subdued them. When urged by 
evil counselors to be severe with them, he refused. After im- 
posing a mild punishment on a few of the leaders, he pardoned 
them all, and restored them to service in his aimy. In the 
oTcat Continental War that followed, those same Ilighhuulers 
would have waded to their knees in blood in defense of King 
William. 

Bravery ought always to be respected, whether in friend or 
foe. When I have met on the battle-field men barefooted, 



28 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

clotlied in rags, nothing but parched corn to cat, yet holding 
with determined grasp rusty muskets and old shot-guns, and 
ever ready to make fight, I could not help exclaiming, '' Theij 
are brave bo^s, though fighting in a bad cause." It reminded 
me of an incident in Roman history. When Pyrrhus, King 
of Epirus, invaded the Roman territory with a large army, 
accompanied with well-trained elephants, Lasrinus, the Roman 
Consul, was sent against him. Pyrrhus, by the aid of his 
elephants, conquered. He captured eighty thousand Romans, 
whom he treated with the greatest honor. When he saw those 
who had been slain in battle all lying with wounds in front, 
and with countenances stern even in death, he is said to have 
raised his hands towards heaven and exclaimed, " With sucJi 
heroes I could shortly conquer the world." Such material our 
nation cannot afford to alienate. The qualities of a true soldier 
all lie inside his skin. He may wear no epaulettes or gay uni- 
form, he may be clothed in tattered garments, and even fight- 
ing in a bad cause, and yet have within all the elements of a 
good soldier. It is proper treatment such men want in order 
to render them useful to the State. 

Now, what sort of treatment have these brave but misguided 
men received ? In answering this question, I must appeal from 
President Grant to General Grant, as a woman once appealed 
from Alexander drunk to Alexander sober. 

When General Lee capitulated, General Grant gave him lib- 
eral terms. This he could well afford to do ; for Lee and his 
army were no common prize. In one respect, an army is like 
a woman. If she is easily won, she is not generally worth the 
wooing. Lee and his army were not easily won. We had tried 
their mettle again and again, and invariably found the true sol- 
dierly ring. In treating with such a foe, we could well afford 
liberal terms ; and such were granted him, and every true heart 
in the Union responded, Amen ! After the surrender, liberal 
rations were issued to the famished Southern troops. This act 
was the first brief smack of long-suppressed divinity ; for, in 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 29 

the horrid darkness of war, it pointed to a rising star ! It was 
the star of Bethlehem ! It sparkles forth its soft, healing rays, 
and breathes the spirit of universal amnesty towards a brave 
but fallen foe ! 

But these principles of good will towards the South here 
expressed by General Grant, have not been carried out by Presi- 
dent Grant. When he walked away from the tented field, this 
precious sentiment fell from his heart or his head into his heels. 
And, as he walked into the White House, this sentiment evap- 
orated from his heels and settled on the pavement. Here it was 
trodden under foot, until God's glorious sunlight 

Kissed it away in sparkling dew ^ 
From off the rosy cheek of morn. 

Some of the evils these brave but misguided men had to 
endure, were the inevitable results of the war; others were 
needlessly, injudiciously, and illegally inflicted by the govern- 
ment. They returned to their homes, many to find their fields 
wasted and their wives and children begging for bread ; many 
found themselves disfranchised. They had thrown down their 
arms, supposing themselves in the Union, but found themselves 
virtually out. They were not to be molested. Is not disfran- 
chisement molestation? By the terms of surrender, all the 
soldiers of Lee's army, and of all the Southern armies, were not 
liable to punishment for what was then past, but, while they 
obeyed the laws of the United States, were to be free citizens 
a2;ain of the United States. The civilians who had aided in 
the rebellion were still liable to be tried and punished for treason. 
But this could be done only by the Constitution and laws then 
existing. But Congress got up a batch of new laws,— all ex 
post facto, and therefore miconstitutional,—\m^o^m^ penalties 
and disqualifications on the Southern people. President John- 
son for months had his breeches- and coat-pockets stuffed with 
pardons for ex-rebels ; yet not one of these rebels had ever 
been tried or convicted on any law in existence at the time of 

3* 



30 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

the Rebellion. Congress had passed laws that, in English his- 
tory, would be called bills of attainder, or, with us, ex post facto 
laws, which are unconstitutional. The Constitution says, that, 
" In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right 
to a speed?/ and 2n(hlic trial;" yet the prince of rebels was held 
over tico years in prison, and then released only on a heavy 
bail-bond, signed by both Northern and Southern men. 

The Southern people, disheartened, and in many cases dis- 
franchised, soon became the easy prey of hordes of hungry 
Northern office-seekers. Carpet-baggers took possession of their 
State governments, and ran themselves into fortune and the 
States into bankruptcy. The elective franchise was so regulated 
and restricted as to deprive the Southern States of choosing 
their own rulers, thus virtually abolishing republican forms 
of government in the States, notwithstanding the Constitution 
guarantees to each State a republican form of government. 
Such treatment towards the South was neither just, generous, 
judicious, nor legal. Did we forget in the hour of victory that 
the South still claims with us a part of the glory of Lexington, 
Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and Yorktown? Did we forget that 
the South had given us a Washington, a Jefferson, a Henry, a 
Marion, a Sumter, and a host of warriors and statesmen, whose 
names shine on the page of American history like stars in the 
firmament? During the late civil war, on many a battle-field 
we found their martial manhood worthy their warlike sires ; we 
found them foemcn worthy our steel, or of any steel on this 
planet. A civil war is a national family quarrel, and the sooner 
and easier made up the better for all parties. The North and 
South are halves of one great nation. How can the North 
prosper if the South is in adversity ? No more than a man 
can be in health with one-half paralyzed. Any injury done to 
either North or South is so much injury done to the nation. 
Their glory is our glor}^ ; their iwosperity is our prosperity ; 
tlieir injury is our injury. Therefore, any force used further 
than merely to suppress the rebellion was all wrong, and in the 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 31 

end injurious equally to North and South. With the South 
fully restored under a correct administration of the general 
government, the North and South, being thoroughly united, 
have a glorious future. 

Slavery, which had always been a great national evil and a 
disgrace to our republican institutions, was, fortunately for the 
ultimate welfare of both North and South, abolished by opera- 
tion of the war and subsequent acts of Congress. Had we of 
the North been educated under the influence of slavery, we 
should probably have held to it as tenaciously as our Southern 
brethren did. We were all originally involved in the same 
great wrong. But when that institution had become unprojit- 
able to us, we abolished it, and then claimed great credit for 
conscience' sake, when that conscience was mainly fished up 
from the depth of our pockets ! 

We had, moreover, on the formation of the present Consti- 
tution, inserted a clause under which slavery could be smuggled 
in, — Article IV., Section II., Clause II. : " No person held to ser- 
vice or labor in one State under the laws thereof, escaping into 
another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, 
be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered 
up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be 
due." In this clause, the persons referred to evideutlij include 
apprentices, and, slt/ly, slaves also. But this sly reference to 
slaves was subsequently cut oflf by an amendment to the Con- 
stitution, Article V., clause in latter part of the article : " Nor 
shall any person be deprived of life, liberty, or property, with- 
out due process of law." 

Now, if slaves were 'persons in the first clause, they must 
also be persons in this last clause. And yet four millions of 
persons were deprived of liberty, property, and sometimes of life, 
not only without due process of law, but without any process 
of law, being doomed to hopeless and helpless bondage year 
after year. This last clause, when enforced, would most un- 
questionably restrict the meaning of the first clause to appren- 



32 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

tices, and such as had, by due process of law, been condemned 
to labor for crime. So, when we come " down to dots," slavery, 
ever since the adoption of Article V. of Amendments, has been 
miconstitutional. No State had a right to make or continue any 
law in conflict with the Constitution. Indeed, the 13th Amend- 
ment, introduced since the late war, is but an enforcement act 
of Article V. of Amendments. 

President Lincoln issued his Emancipation Proclamation as 
a war measure. This, as Comm.ander-in-chief of the United 
States Army and Navy, he had a right to do. Let us now see 
whether Congress had a constitutional right to enforce this 
Proclamation by appropriate legislation. Under Section VIII. , 
certain powers are granted to Congress. These powers are 
enumerated in seventeen clauses. Then follows Clause XVIII. : 
" Congress shall have power to make all laws which shall be 
necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing 
powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the 
Government of the United States, or in any department or 
officer thereof." 

Section II. Powers of the President, Clause I. : " The Presi- 
dent shall be commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy of 
the United States." Here the Constitution vests the power of 
supreme command over the army and navy in the President. 
Therefore, in case of war, the President had a right, as a war 
measure, to proclaim the slaves free. During the war, the mas- 
ters had mostly been in the field, while their slaves had remained 
at home, to raise cotton, corn, and bacon, thus supplying the 
sinews of war. The President, therefore, as commander-in- 
chief, had the same right to free the slaves, and thus snap the 
sinews of war, as he had to seize any contraband goods. And 
Congress, by the clause above quoted, had a right to make all 
laws necessary and proper to carry into execution the above 
power vested in the President. 

" Congress shall have power to make all laws which shall 
be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the fore- 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 33 

going powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution 
in the Government of the United States, or in any department 
thereof." "What other powers besides those enumerated in the 
seventeen clauses? All powers vested in the Government of 
the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. 
There are three departments of the United States Government, — 
Legislative, Executive, and Judicial ; all called into being by 
the Constitution, ordained and established by the people. Con- 
gress, therefore, has a right to make all laws necessary and proper 
for carrying into execution any power vested in any department 
or in any officer thereof. These powers, evidently, are all such 
as come within the scope of the purposes of the Constitution 
asset forth in the Preamble. The third purpose therein named 
is, " To insure domestic tranquillity." Domestic here evidently 
means no particular family fireside, but the nation's fireside. It 
means directly the opposite oi foreign. 

Forty years of painful experience, culminating in the late 
civil war, had proved most conclusively that while slavery 
existed there could be no domestic tranquillity. For Congress, 
therefore, to legislate to do away with this cause of everlasting 
discord between the free and slave States was acting within the 
scope of the Constitution. But when Congress went beyond 
this, and legislated so as virtually to disfranchise and oppress 
the South, they committed a most ungodly violation of the 
Constitution, a most egregious error, and most deplorable mis- 
chief. It was wrong to oppress the black man, and equally 
wrong to oppress the white man. True philanthropy, true 
statesmanship, and the American Constitution forbid cither. 
Every true citizen of the United States forbids either. And 
every short-sighted politician who heeds neither voice, might as 
well " step down and out." 

Constitution, Article XII., Clause VIII. : " The President 
shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, 
which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the 
period for which he shall have been elected • and he shall not 



34 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

receive within that period any other emolument from the United 
States or any of them." If the President renders the services 
ao-reed upon, he is entitled to receive his stated salary in quar- 
terly payments during four years, and no other emolument. 
According to Webster, emolument is profit arising from office 
or employment. By the Constitution, which he is sworn to 
obey, the President can receive no other profit arising from 
office than his stated salary. " From the United States or any 
of them" must mean from the citizens of the United States, 
or from the citizens of any of the States. For it is the citi- 
zens that make the State, and not the State the citizens. If it 
means citizens acting through their legislature, it even then pro- 
hibits gift-taking by the spirit, if not the letter, of the law. 
For gifts, whether bestowed by citizens through their legisla- 
ture, or collectively or individually, are the same pernicious 
means of weakening or destroying official integrity. No man 
who receives valuable gifts ought ever to be made President. 
Gifts tend to blind the eyes, pervert the judgment, and blunt 
the sensibilities much worse than even cigar-smoke. 

Here are several citizens each with a big pile of money, and 
each wishing to make his pile bigger. They look about, and see 
a distinguished citizen that they believe will be elected Presi- 
dent. They, knowing the value of official patronage, wish to 
secure the favor of the prospective President. They assemble. 
Mr. Greedy-of-gain is elected chairman. Mr. Hard-cheek, Mr. 
No-conscience, as committee on resolutions, present the follow- 
ing, which is immediately adopted : 

" Whereas, our fellow-citizen is highly esteemed, and 

his services to the country are highly appreciated, we, there- 
fore, the subscribers, in testimony of our esteem and apprecia- 
tion, agree to pay the several sums annexed to our names for 
the purpose of purchasing a mansion appropriately furnished, 
and valued at $100,000, and to present the same in fee-simple 
to our distinguished citizen." 

Subscriptions. — Greedy-of-gain, $10,000; Hard-cheek, 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 35 

$10,000; No -conscience, $10,000; Ketcli-penny, $5000; 
Fleece'm, $5000; Know -something, $15,000; Over-reach, 
$5000; Sure-of-office, $20,000; Fearful, $1000; Know- 
nothing, 50 cents ; Doubtful, 50 cents, etc., etc., till the desired 
amount is secured. 

Time passes on. The distinguished citizen is elected Presi- 
dent, The first scene was in Philadelphia ; this one in Wash- 
ington, White House, Reception hours. King at the bell. 
Page answers, " Your card, sir." Sends up his name, " Greedy- 
of-gain." Page returns, politely bows, and conducts him to his 
august master. " Very happy to see you, sir, etc. What can 
I do for you ?" " Well, would rather like an appointment; I 
mean one that will pay," " My dear sir, you shall have one. 
Here is one that will pay $3000 per year, legitimately^ but can 
be made to pay three times that amount." " I understand, sir ; 
it will do ; all right, Grood-day, Mr, President." 

Another ring ; page attends, and carries the card of Mr. 
Hard-cheek ; returns, and conducts Hard-cheek to President, 
" Grlad to see you looking so well, Mr. Hard-cheek ; what can I 
do for you?" " Would like a position as Collector of Public 
Revenue ; one that will pay." " This collectorship is not worth 
over $2000 per year, but can be made to pay five times that 
amount," "I see, sir, I see; all right. Good-day, sir." 

Mr. No-conscience was introduced in a similar manner, and 
with similar results. Likewise, Mr. Ketch-penny ; but he ob- 
tained a position worth only about half that of the first three. 

Next came Mr. Fleece'm, and made his application. Presi- 
dent — " I hardly know what to do with you, Mr. Fleece'm. I 
know that you are a good Republican. But the valuable po- 
sitions are mostly taken up. Would really like to aid you." 
Fleece'm — " Could you not send me South ?" President — 
" Southern States devilish poor since the war ; still, money can 
be made there. Possibly I could so arrange matters as to get 
you elected Governor ; salary but $1500, but a shrewd man 
can make it worth ^t;e times that amount." Fleece'm — " All 



36 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

rifflit : send me." Mr. Fleece'm was soon seen at ticket-office, 
carpet-hag in hand, purchasing a ticket for Florida. 

Mr. Know-something next made application, and received an 
appointment which, with stealings annexed, was worth over 
$10,000 per year. Mr. Over-reach then applied, and was 
soon seen, with carpet-bag in hand, purchasing a railroad ticket 
for Savannah, Ga. Mr. Sure-of-office then applied, and ob- 
tained a foreign mission. Mr, Fearful then applied, but re- 
ceived a rather lukewarm greeting, but finally obtained a clerk- 
ship ($800), with no stealings. 

Next came Mr. Know-nothing and Mr. Doubtful. They 
sent up their cards. They were quickly returned, with word. 
President hiisy ; call on Postmaster-General. They went, and, 
after long waiting, obtained a hearing. They came away each 
master of a country post-office worth about twenty-five cents 
per year. 

The above is mainly true as an illustration of the modvs 
operandi of office-seeking and of office-giving under the present 
Administration. It seems to have been reduced almost to an 
exact science, and worked by the Rule of Three, in which the 
fourth term, or answer, varies according to the given quantity. 

But it may be said that the President received the $100,000 
mansion he/ore his official term, and that therefore he did not 
violate the law. Yet it was a tacit understanding between the 
donors and donee that in case of his election (which at the 
time was about as sure as thunder after lightning) it was to be 
paid for by official patronage. For men always do something 
for something. He receives the gift before, but pays for it 
during his official term. In so doing he violates the spirit if 
not the letter of the Constitution. But suppose the President 
is fond of a variety of residences, and either before or after his 
official career he accepts of half a dozen mansions in various 
cities of the Union, all to be paid for in a similar manner : who 
does not see that in such a case the President sells himself and 
the people are sold ? that the stated Presidential salary is but 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 37 

a drop in the bucket compared to what the President gets by 
his power of official patronage ? This is receiving emoluments 
besides his stated salary, and therefore is a violation of the 
Constitution. 

The successful applicant for office must have Mammon 
standing out on his brow as plain as letters on a cook-stove. 
Honesty and capacity are kept entirely in the background, 
and, like the quirks in a pig's tail, are more for ornament than 
use. 

If $600,000 is made up in mansions and other property, 
then the President becomes bound over, under the above sum, 
to keep the peace with office-seekers and office-holders. The 
present Administration is, beyond all preceding ones, distin- 
guished as a money and military one. These seem to be its 
motive power. Grant has one trait which was very good for a 
general^ but very bad for a President, viz., tenaciousness : for 
this reason, that a general is to command, but a President is to 
obey the voice of the people. The tenaciousness of Grant and 
his soldiers won battles and subdued the rebellion, and enabled 
the North to conquer the best troops in the world. Had he 
remained in military life it would have been much better for 
his own fame and the welfare of the American people. The 
war was over. The people no longer needed a general, but 
wanted a President. They chose a President, but got a 
general. 

Military government and despotism are twin-brothers. In 
each one controlling mind rules. This is necessary in conduct- 
ing military movements. A republic engaged in war has to 
adopt this one-man power. An unlimited monarchy or des- 
potism has not to adopt it, for it already has it. In war or 
peace it is the one-man power. A republic, although it has to 
throw its forces under the one-man power in war, is expected, 
in jieace, to return immediately to its ordinary state of govern- 
ment by the people. It chooses officers to enforce the laws 
according to the will of the people. But suppose the people 

4 



38 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

happen to choose a chief-magistrate who has become so stereo- 
typed in the one-man power that he will have his own way 
in everything, without regard to the wishes of the people. 
Then we have a republic in form, but a monarchy in mode of 
action. 

Here is a republican coach ; there is an aristocratic coach. 
The driver of the first is instructed and accustomed to wait on 
the people. On their beckoning, he stops his coach and has 
them comfortably seated. The driver of the aristocratic coach 
is instructed and accustomed to drive about and pick up here 
and there a hig hug, and of course pays no attention to the 
wants of the people. Suppose you stand at a corner waiting 
for a coach. The aristocratic coach comes along. You expect 
nothing from it, and therefore do not hold, up your hand. But 
the republican coach comes along, and you do expect something 
from that. You hold up your hand again and again ; you call 
out, but no attention is paid to you. What can be the cause ? 
It is the republican coach. From it you see the stars and 
stripes streaming. Oh, I see now 1 It has the wrong driver. 
That driver belongs to the other coach. He drives just as he 
is used to driving, after big bugs, and not for the people. And 
this is the condition of the American people under the Admin- 
istration of General Grant. We have a republican coach, but 
an autocrat driver. 

Military glory is not the highest glory of a nation or indi- 
vidual. The glory of peace excels the glory of war as much 
as sunlight excels lamplight. 

" The camp has had its day of song; 
The sword, the bayonet, the plume, 
Have crowded out of verse too long 
The plow, the anvil, and the loom. 

"Oh, not upon our tented fields 

Are Fi-eedom's heroes bred alone; 
The training of the workshop yields 
More heroes true than war has known. 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 39 

" Who drives the bolt, who shapes the steel, 
May with the heart as valiant smite 
As he who sees a foeman reel 

In blood before his blow of might. 

" The skill that conquers space and time, 
That graces life, that lightens toil, 
May spring from courage more sublime 
Than that which makes a realm its spoil. 

''Let Labor, then, look up and see 
His craft no path of honor lacks ; 
The soldier's rifle yet shall be 

Less honored than the woodman's axe." 

This is beautifully true of all aggressive war, or war for 
conquest, but not of the temjwrary soldier ^vho, from true 
patriotism, takes his rifle to defend his country. Here the 
woodman drops his axe and takes his rifle, and both deserve 
equal honor. 

Cincinnatus, from the plow, ruled Eome far better than 
Caesar from the tented field. The former subdued corn-fields ; 
the latter, Gaul, Germany, and Britain. The former, by his 
course of strict justice, made all the Roman citizens love him. 
The latter, inflated by military pride and glory, carried himself 
so much above the level of Roman citizenship as to cause many 
to hate him and conspire to destroy him. 

Cassius to Brutus. 

" Why, mar, he doth bestride the narrow world 
Like a Colossus; and we petty men 
Walk under his huge legs, and peep about 
To find ourselves dishonorable graves. 
Upon what meat doth this our Cajsar feed, 
That he is grown so great? Age, thou art shamed ! 
Eome, thou hast lost the breed of noble bloods ! 
When went there by an age since the great flood. 
But it was famed with more than with OXE man ? 
When could they say, till now, that talk'd of Rome, 
That her wide walls encompass'd but one man ? 



40 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

Now is it Rome, indeed, and room enough. 
When there is in it but one only man. 
Oh ! you and I have heard our fathers say 
There was a Brutus once that would have brooked 
The eternal devil to keep his state in Rome, 
As easily as a king." 

In minds not imbued with strong common sense and patriot- 
ism, the constant tendency of military glory is to inflation. It 
swells the recipient beyond the dimensions of true manhood. 
In this case sometimes he bursts things generally, and some- 
times he bursts himself Alexander the Great, after bursting 
the world, burst himself over a goblet of wine. Julius Caesar, 
after slicing the Gauls, Germans, and Britons, got himself 
sliced in the Roman senate. Napoleon I,, after bursting nearly 
all the nations of Europe, burst himself at Waterloo. Napo- 
leon III., after bursting the French Republic, tried to burst 
Austria and Prussia, but burst himself at Sedan. General 
Grant, after bursting the Southern Confederacy, has come 
wellnigh bursting himself and the great American Republic, 
by one of the most profligate and corrupt Administrations 
that ever stained the pages of history. With the exception 
of Bristow and a precious few like him, honest men in the 
present Administration are as scarce as righteous men were in 
Sodom after Lot left. The late pure-minded Vice-President 
Wilson was officially shoved into such bad company, that the 
angels took him away; a clear case of angelic deliverance from 
official contagion ! 

They hurried him away from that official bower, 
To save him from a fire-and-brimstone shower ! 

So great has been the venality of the present Administration 
that the offices, dignities, and franchises of the great American 
Republic have been almost like the diadem of the Caesars in 
imperial Rome, for sale by Praetorian Guards to the highest 
bidder. A State Legislature, regularly chosen, because known 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 41 

not to be subservient to tbe will of the President and liis 
creatures, has been dispersed at the points of Federal bayonets. 
The worst European despot might come and learn new lessons 
in his art. Well might we say, with Cassius, — 

"Now is it Rome, indeed, and room enough, 
When there is in it but one only man ! 
Oh ! you and I have heard our fathers saj" 

there ivas a time when it was proclaimed that all men are free 
and equal, and when our sires would have "brooked the eternal 
devil" to keep their state, as easily as kings ! American citizens 
are kings, and will not be unkinged by one who is officially 
their servant. We want no king of kings in free America. 
And this is what any President assumes to be when he sets 
himself above the free sovereigns who elected him into service^ 
and ncit into a kingdom. He was horn into all the kingdom he 
can have or ought to have. His election is to serve^ not to 
rule. The free sovereigns of the United States can do the 
ruling. 

God, the Great Author of worlds and of equal rights, has 
ordained that the one-man power and conquest and military 
glory and ambition shall be restricted. In the deep wisdom of 
his providence He has said, '' Thus far shalt thou go, and no 
farther." In the moral and political machinery of the world, 
as in a system of railroads, certain brakes are inserted. AVhen 
danger threatens, the order, '-'■Down hrakes,^^ prevents break- 
downs. When the one-man power gains a dangerous ascendency, 
and is driving the National Car to sudden ruin, somefhiug hap- 
pens to arrest that power, diminish the speed, and save tlie 
National Car from a general smash. Thus, Alexander had his 
wine-cup ; Julius Caesar had his Bnjtus ; Charles the First 
had his Cromwell ; George the Third had his Washington ; 
Napoleon had his Waterloo ; and Grant has his — American 
Press and Common Sense of the People. 

A Delaware fajmer once said that he never had a tenant, 

4* 



42 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

either bad or good, stay over tico years ; for, if he did stay 
longer, lie forgets that he does not own the farm. Now, if a 
President stays over tico terms, will he not be very apt to 
forn-et that he docs not own the Government ? Grant seems to 
have forgotten that he did not own the Governmental Farm soon 
after his first Inaugural. Have not the great Washington and 
venerable custom already made an unwritten Law of the Re- 
public against third presidential terms? Grant has already 
ridt'd (instead of served^, one term and a part of another ; and 
his tenaciousness inclines him strongly for a Third Term. If 
entered on that, he would have passed the Rubicon of Ameri- 
can Freedom. Twice has he been before the people for their 
suffrages. Each time his competitor had more statesmanship 
in the ends of his little fingers, than Grant had in his whole 
body, boots, and breeches. The first time the people were 
spell-bound by military success ; and hence his distinguished 
and worthy competitor had no fair show before the people. The 
second time the people were pa?-;i«/(y spell-hound, but MAINLY 
office-hound; and hence another distinguished and worthy com- 
petitor was defeated. So, our American Caesar has triumphed 
over two competitors, — Seymour and Greeley, — each in sterling 
qualities of head and heart an American Fabricius. Now, will 
Grant and his ofiice-holders try a Napoleonic trick on the Amer- 
ican people by attempting a Third Term ? If successful, the 
National Escutcheon hereafter should be a huge cigar, with 
fire at one end and a fool at the other ! What ! Grant a fool ? 
By no means. Grant would be the Jire^ and the Great Amer- 
ican Republic would be the/ooZ. 

The Spartans said, " If Alexander wishes to be a god, let 
him be a god." But they could not have said, with the same 
complacent contempt. If the Grecian States wish to make them- 
selves fools by voting divine honors to Alexander, let them be 
fools! So, if Grant wishes to smoke himself into an imagi- 
nary divinity, let him smoke! But let not the people of the 
Boveral States stultify themselves by voting him third-term 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 43 

honors ! So far Grrant has smoked the people ; he has smoked 
the nation almost into political blindness and bankruptcy. Now, 
if they turn and smoke him, by going it blind on a high-press- 
ure, third-term movement, it will prove that the fools in the 
nation have a smoking majority ! and that it is the delight of 
fools to smoke their own folly into a destructive blaze ! 

King Pyrrhus once remarked of a noble Roman, " That is 
Fabricius, whom it would be more difficult to turn from honrsft/ 
than to turn the sun from his course." We had an American 
Fabricius in Horace Greeley. But the angels took hinj, — he 
rests in Ab»-aham's bosom, with Washington, and other Pater- 
nal Spirits of the American Republic. The nation now needs 
to find among its individual sovereigns another Fabricius, that, 
when another presidential election arrives, honest citizens may 
have an honest man to vote for and elect. In the next presi- 
dential election, the agricultural sovereigns of this nation in- 
tend to have some attention to their interests and wishes. If 
they find among their number an American Cincinnatus, let 
them bring him out ; he shall have a fair consideration from 
the people. But, whenever Si proper man is determined on, let 
the people vote as American citizens or sovereigns, and not as 
Republicans or Democrats. Let honesty and capacity be the 
only criterion for office. For candidates possessing these quali- 
ties let the people vote both in the National and State Govern- 
ments, without regard to party association. Party ties should 
be untwisted, and the ties of princijyle be the only twist. When 
the elective franchise is thus conducted, the political horizon 
will clear, and let in the sunshine of National prosperity. Let 
there be a people's party, and let that be apr/?Yy of principle, 
pure and patriotic. Let the crafty politician, whose only prin- 
ciple is his pocket, become a thing of the past, and, like some 
strange fossil organisms of the old geologic creations, be looked 
upon and regarded only as an extinct monstrosity. If every 
political party and politician that diverges a hair's breadth from 
the straight course of honesty, is hurled immediately from 



44 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

power by the united voice and vote of American citizens, the 
political horizon will ever keep clear. By such a course of 
action the voice of the people would become the voice of God, 
and would have the same effect on our National politics that the 
voice of Christ had on the man possessed of devils ; it would 
at once expel the devils, and leave a glorious, purified National 
manhood. The illustrious spirits of the great "Washington, Jef- 
ferson, Lincoln, and Greeley would look down and rejoice over 
a renovated republic. Then would our Government become 
practically what it is theoretically^ — the best on the face of the 
earth. " 

Why should any differ on names, especially on two names 
which, etymologically, mean precisely the same ? Democracy, 
from two Greek words, — de7nos, the people, and cratein, to rule ; 
Republic, from two Latin words, — res, affair, and puhlica, pub- 
lic, or commonwealth ; or a republic, in which the people rule. 
Principles, and not party, should prevail. Did not the Repub- 
licans and the national Democrats act shoulder to shoulder in 
saving the nation from its great peril ? Should they not still 
be co-laborers in making that salvation sure ? 

It is a remarkable fact in the history of our nation, that the 
antagonism between the two great political parties has been 
more imaginary than real, and that their names and professed 
aims have been so nearly identical in their significations. At 
first the two parties were called Federalists and Republicans. 
The Federalists held that a strong General Government is es- 
sential to the highest welfare of the nation. The Republicans 
held that strong State Governments are essential to the same 
end. Both were right and both were wrong. The Federalists 
were right in holding that a strong Central Government is 
essential to the highest welfare of the nation. The Republi- 
cans were right in holding that strong State Governments are 
essential to the same purpose. But both Federalists and Re- 
publicans were wrong in supposing antagonism between the 
two conditions. 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 45 

The people are citizens of the United States in all national 
affairs, and also citizens of the several States in all local affairs. 
They owe allegiance to the General Government in all national 
affiiirs, and allegiance to the States in all local affairs. And as 
all the attributes of sovereignty were vested by the people in 
the General Government, and denied to the States, and as the 
regulation of all matters merely local was vested in the several 
State Governments, and denied to the General Government, there 
can be no antagonism or even friction in the constitutional 
working of the several State Governments with the General 
Government, and the reciprocal obligations are such that the 
well-being of each depends on the well-being and harmonious 
action of all. Consequently, a strong General Government 
tends to render the several State Governments strong, and 
strong State Governments tend to render the General Govern- 
ment strong. 

The people have a double citizenship, — State and Federal. 
And these so dovetail into each other as each to strengthen the 
other and make a citizenship as strong as a well-made, sound 
live-oak ship. 

If the people are strong in their State Governments, they 
will also be strong in their General Government ; and if they 
become weak in one, they will also become weak in the other. 
So it ill became the Federalists to fear too strong State Govern- 
ments, or the Republicans to fear too strong a General Govern- 
ment ; for while each acts in its own sphere, the stronger the 
one the stronger the other, and the stronger both arc, the better. 
The several States are members of one body politic, and that 
body is the General Government ; now, where would the body be 
without the members ? or where would the members be with- 
out the body ? Shall the head, or hand, or foot, or any organ, 
set up for itself and act as the whole body without that body ? 
or shall one member boast over another and act to its injury? 
Shall the muscular organs fear too strong a brain, or the brain 
fear too strong muscular organs ? Do not great brain-power 



46 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

and great muscular power go together in the order of nature ? 
Weak muscles will sooner or later produce a weak brain, and a 
weak brain will ultimately produce weak muscles. But when 
both brain and muscles are exercised in harmony, the vital 
forces rapidly accumulate in each, and diffuse over the whole 
body great power and pleasure; and this is all true of the 
General and State Governments in their reciprocal action and 
relation to each other. 

Afterwards, the Federalists, finding that their name began 
to exhale an aristocratic stink, dropped it, and assumed the 
name of Whigs, so odoriferous of popular rights. The Repub- 
licans, fearing that their name began to have too strong a French 
odor, dropped it, and assumed the name of Democrats, having 
the celestial ring of popular rights, though sometimes, since, by 
gross perversion, having smacked strongly of popular wrongs. 
Thus the two great political parties, organized with new names, 
commenced anew their political warfare and struggle for power. 

We see in this view the futility of so much harping on State 
rights. It has long been a staple article of false political ora- 
tory ; it is a most mischievous political puff ; when pricked by 
the needle of truth it collapses like a blown bladder — burst. 
It brings to mind a Revolutionary legend. It is said that 
when Lord Howe was posted on the Hudson River, one morn- 
ing his whole army was thrown into violent commotion by 
the discovery of a lot of large kegs, or barrels, floating down 
the river. The British supposed that every barrel contained a 
live Yankee bent on mischief, so they blazed away at this ter- 
rible navy of floating kegs ! The bullets flew thick and fast, 
whizzing, zipping, hitting, nipping, slitting, splitting, tipping, 
dipping, dashing, smashing, splashing, in all directions ! Many 
a poor keg floated out of the contest with bruised heads and 
broken staves, completely disabled and unseaworthy! The 
British won a complete victory. In the action there was no 
devil-up-ment of live Yankees, but only evidence of excessive 
aggressive stupidity I 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 47 

Now, all this contention about State rights is but the battle 
of the kegs repeated. It is simply cmjoty brains firing at empty 
kegs, these two vacuums being mutually antagonistic, — that is, 
an empty brain hates an empty keg, and, as it cannot fire vp on 
such a keg, it fires at it. And, as an empty keg is favorable 
to a full brain, it is of course hostile to an empty one, and hence 
the mutual hostility of these two empties ; and hence, also, an 
empty barrel sounds the praises of a full brain, while an empty 
brain sounds the praises of a full (whisky) barrel ! and as the 
empty brain approaches the full barrel, the fullness of the one 
imparts to the emptiness of the other till there is an equilib- 
rium produced. But whenever empty brains come in contact 
with empty kegs, a conflict is inevitable, and mutual repulsion. 
There is no antagonism whatever between State rights and 
United States rights. If it were so, the States would not be 
united. Jefferson was too wise a statesman to tie the matri- 
monial knot between the Federal and State Governments in any 
such loose, bungling way as to allow either party to slip away 
from that reciprocal obligation. What God and Jefferson have 
joined together, let no man put asunder ! especially on such an 
empty pretext as that of antagonism between the State and 
Federal Governments. We therefore advise politicians with 
loose tongues and empty brains to fill up that brain-vacuum by 
a thorough, faithful perusal and study of the Constitution of 
the United States. Then let them tie their tongues to wise 
heads, and thus render themselves useful to the commonwealth. 
Without such reform, such politicians are like the devil with 
his cloven foot wishing to cleave God's harmonious creation into 
warring, distressful fragments, thus attempting to kick the uni- 
verse into the model of his own cloven, kicking foot ! These 
politicians aspire to be, not rail-splitters, or party-splitters, but 
nation-splitters ; but in the end they will be more apt to split 
themselves, as Judas did. 

The Whigs, under a new organization, afterwards assumed the 
name of Ilepublicans. Thus the Democrats suddenly found 



48 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

their own former name stolen by tlieir political enemies ; but 
as the Democrats had never secured a copyright to their former 
name, and as they had long ceased to use the name Republican, 
they attempted to blacken it, and let it go to their political foes. 
But there was magic in that name, for it had been baptized into 
the spirit of Jefferson ! But they not only stole the old name 
of the Democrats, but they stole also the political thunder and 
lightning of that party (popular rights), and therewith succeeded 
in electrifying the masses, and thus advanced themselves to great 
political power. But the only steal for which the Democrats ought 
to thank them, was when the Republicans stole General Grant. 
As a general, Grant was good steel, but as a President he was 
the worst steal ever made. For he became the positive pole of 
the great national magnet, that drew and clustered about it 
all the great stealers of the nation, while the penitentiary, or 
negative pole of the national magnet, drew to itself all the small 
stealers. The difference between the two clusters is, those 
gathered about the presidential pole are positive stealers, while 
those gathered about the penitentiary pole are negative stealers. 
Add the positive and negative quantities together, and the 
amount is the true algebraic difference. The positive and 
negative stealers are of the same kind, but only affected by 
opposite signs. The positive are official, gai/, festive, and ?/m- 
form. The negative are sub-official, serving, sad, and semi- 
uniform ! Spirit of Oliver Cromwell, look at the positive! 
Sj)irit of the great Howard, look at the negative ! Honest citi- 
zens, look ! See the official head of our nation, so near its sub- 
official tail, that the nation in its giddy whirl is like a cat 
chasing its own tail ! But the head does not quite catch the 
tail, as it ought to, when both are so near each other in fugitive 
Siud furtive action! Poor pussy! Poor nation!! Yet the 
nation is not poor, but rich, if it will rightly use its own 
resources, instead of wasting its energies and exhausting its 
treasures in this everlasting chase of head after tail ! — Nature's 
order reversed ! Let the nation get a straightforward, level 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 49 

head, then it will have a straightly sequent, decent tail, and all 
between in honor and prosperity. 

No more shall presidential wings 
Spread, brooding, hatching whisky rings ! 
And rings of every fraud that's out, 
To fasten each official snout ! 
To keep in line the party hunt, 
That none will even dare to grunt ; 
To feed upon the nation's wealth, 
And fatten fast, by fraud and stealth. 
No longer then the nation's smoker 
Take sea-side rest and play at poker! 
But 71010, he sips his ready toddy. 
Regards the people as but shoddy, 
Yet cries, to spur them on the faster, 
" Emergency" and " great disaster !" 
So buy me for a third-term master ! ! 

Had there been just and equal restrictions at each pole of 
the national magnet, the nation would have been well purged of 
stealers. But, as it is, the body politic needs the action of a 
powerful emetic, to equalize that of a wholesome cathartic, as a 
sure preventive of impending cholera ! 

" Emergency" and great disaster 

Can come but through the nation's master : 

They have come, evils now extant j 

Take, as emetic, U. S. Grant! 

Take him ! " emergency" instanter ! 
" Similia similibus curantur." 

So the Republicans, in stealing General Grant for President, 
acted as foolishly as did the Trojans when they stole the great 
wooden horse from the deserted Grecian camp. The horse was 
graceful and passive without, but full of martial life and fraud 
within. They thought they had a gift from the gods, but 
drew into their midst concealed elements of sudden ruin. But 
the Republicans in so doing stole a march on the Democrats. 
All the stealing thus ftir was rather modest and moderate, and 
c 6 



50 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

comparatively innocent. For a political name, political thunder 
and lightning, a major-general, and a march might all be stolen 
in a political frolic or colic without malice aforethought, or 
malicious injury to the people. Had the stealing only stopped 
here, it would have been a glorious thing for the Republican 
party and for the welfare of the nation. But the trouble was, 
they got in the habit of stealing, and, as they could steal nothing 
more from the Democrats, they commenced stealing from the 
people. And this they have kept up so briskly that it seems, 
if not prevented by the people, the stealing will stop only when 
there is nothing more to steal and the nation is run into bank- 
ruptcy and ruin. This is true only of the dishonest portion 
of the Republican party, which portion, unfortunately for the 
American people, are mainly in oflBce. To the honest portion of 
that party, as well as to the honest portion of the Democratic 
party, we appeal to save the nation from impending dangers and 
to restore healthful action through all its departments. 

In the history of our nation the political parties §ind their 
litigation seem to have stood thus: I 

Federalists against Republicans. ; 

Whigs against Republicans alias Democrats, i 

Republicans against Democrats. ' 

. But to put the nation right the case must now stand thus: 

The People against all Ofl&cial Rascality of an?/ party. 
May the illustrious spirits of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, 
and Greeley inspire the people and baptize the nation, so as to 
render their suit against political corruption triumphant and 
lasting ! 

The truth is that the principles of both the great political 
parties are much better than their iwactice. When either 
party las become triumphant and continued long in power by 
a wrong use of its prosperity, it gathers corruption. It attracts 
to its folds many reckless politicians whose only principle is 
their pocket. These politicians will change either way or any 
way, in the twinkle of an eye, on the shine of the almighty dol- 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 51 

lar or show of its representative. The clifFcrence between these 
politicians and rag money is this : they are promises to do, and 
paper money is promise to pay. And when the paper money 
is not based on metallic currency, it is a perfect image of the 
sham politician. In the mirror of truth, one is the reflection 
of the other. They both deceive and cheat the sovereign 
people. The sway of such politicians will ruin, and ought to 
ruin, any political party that harbors them. And the sway of 
any such political party will sooner or later ruin any nation. 

Since things are so, any party that has become corrupt by 
the wrong use of its own prosperity should at once be put out 
by the sovereign people. No American citizen should be tied 
to the tail of any political party. Such a tie is derogatory to 
the dignity of his citizenship. The citizens should lead the 
party, and not the party the citizens. And when any party 
becomes incorrigibly vicious, let it go its own way to destruc- 
tion. But save the nation by cutting it loose from the lead of 
such a party. Let invincible integrity and ability be the only 
tenure of office to any politician or political party. 

Any political party that will not expel all known dishonest 
politicians from its ranks deserves to be expelled from power. 
And if not thus expelled, the nation swayed by such a party 
must sooner or later be expelled from power and national great- 
ness and respectability. Now, which is the most important, the 
nation or the party? the citizens or paltry party politicians? 
In ancient times, to be a Roman citizen was more than to be a 
king ! Is not American citizenship of equal or greater value 
and dignity tlian lloman ? Oh, my countrymen ! how long 
before you will properly appreciate the value and dignity of the 
civic crown you wear ? How long will you allow heartless 
politicians to pluck the diadem of individual sovereignty from 
your brows, and throw about your necks the chains of party 
servitude? Are you American sovereigns, or party slaves? 
Are you freemen, and yet meekly hold out your hands to 
receive the party shackles? If so, which shall I say? — House 



52 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

you, freemen ; or, rouse you, slaves ? God knows you were born 
free; and if slaves, you have become so by your own act, and 
by your own act you must break the chain. Do not sell your 
birthright for a mess of pottage, and that so rascally salted as 
to bite the tongue and scratch the throat like carpet-tacks. 

Office-holding in this nation has grown, like an untrimmcd 
hedge, into the dimensions of an unsightly, rascally nuisance ! 
Let the people trim it down to the dimensions and beautiful 
proportions of strict official integrity, thus lapping off all excess 
of salaries and sinecure positions. Let the watchword of all 
political action now be, Trim, Trim, TRIM. Let the honest 
citizens of all parties unite in one great party of NATIONxlL 
TRIMMERS ! The elective franchise is the trimming instru- 
ment. This kind of sheai-s is of good steel, and if rightly used 
will effectually trim off the national stealers and leave in the 
hedge only the healthful and beautiful growth of official in- 
tegrity and ability. 

We are told in Plato's " Republic,*' or his ideal of a perfect 
commonwealth, "that the form of government is an image of 
the character of the citizen ; that whatever may be said of the 
democracy or the oligarchy, applies as strictly to the democrat 
and the oligarchist ; that there are as many shapes or species of 
polity as there are types or varieties of the human soul ; that 
as the most perfect commonwealth is only public virtue em- 
bodied in the institutions of a country, so every vice generates 
some abuse or corruption in the State, some pernicious disorder, 
some lawless power incompatible with national liberty." In 
this view how vastly important to elect only true and able men 
to office ! Our great republic stands before the world in the 
character of those administering its government. An official 
thief reflects his own image on the republic, and unless when 
discovered immediately dismissed and punished, ambrotypes his 
furtive features before the national mirror. This reflects many 
duplicates of the hateful picture to be hung up in all the 
rogues' -galleries of the world. The nations will sneeringly 



POLITICAL POIXTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 53 

ask, Is this your boasted republic, administered by thieves and 
rascals? But elect only true and able men to office, then they 
will have to respect and admire us, even if we draw from them 
their most useful subjects. Democracy purified and rightly 
administered will hold its way, excel and outlast all other kinds 
of government on the face of the earth. Official integrity and 
ability are the only tests of true democracy or true republican- 
ism. According to Plato, one is a reflection of the other. 

The contest between the two great political parties has been 
in many cases as absurd, if not as destructive, as was the War 
of the Roses in England. Like that unhappy contest between 
the Houses of York and Lancaster, let it end by a union of the 
just claims of both parties. Let the honest portions of both 
parties unite, and, by one grand stroke of state, harmonize all 
conflicting claims. Let one party bring forward the American 
Prince Able, and the other bring forward the American Prin- 
cess Honest. Let them on the soundest principles of state policy 
enter into matrimony, in order to secure an indisputable heir 
to the American Empire. This would be like the Lancastrian 
Prince espousing the York Princess, and the consequent union 
of the red rose and white in one line of imperial inheritance. 

We wonder if the authorities at Washington have ever 
heard of the above American Princess ? If they have, we fear 
that such is their own innate crookedness that they do not love 
that Princess, and would greatly mourn her advent ! Never- 
theless, the rule of the American Empire by Divine right 
belongs to Prince Able and Princess Honest, and to their heirs 
in a straight line forever. Yet, by a long and serpentine course 
of state-craft and rogue-craft combined, this noble Prince and 
angelic Princess have been kept out of their just possessions. 
They have even been thwarted in their course of true love. 
Their marriage has long been deceitfully and maliciously post- 
poned, for the real, though concealed, purpose of preventing the 
conception and birth of a true heir to the American Empire. 

Let us now have a great national wedding, to which every 

5* 



54 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

honest man, woman, and child in the United States is invited. 
Let this wedding be such as becomes the nation and the im- 
mortal Declaration. Let it not be such as sometimes occur in 
the so-called higher social circles, where the bridegroom is 
attended by all the pomp and circumstance of a foreign prince ; 
where the bride has her form beautifully concealed in French 
flounces, foreign laces, and all the et csetera of outside show ; 
where are piled in princely profusion costly gifts, often wrung 
from the sweat of the toiling million ; where American monkeys 
dance to the tune of European princes and despots ; where 
republican simplicity of manners is made to blush at the studied 
oping of the swells of European aristocracy. But let us have 
a wedding worthy the creed of the Great Western Kepublic. 

Let Prince Able stand forth in the majesty of true manhood, 
clothed in the garments of home industry, and bearing on his 
breast, as an emblem of life and beauty, a red rose. Let Prin- 
cess Honest stand forth, her beautiful form adorning her grace- 
ful dress, and bearing in her bosom, as an emblem of purity, a 
white rose. Let them join hands, and the Right Reverend 
Truelove marry them. From the union of so healthful a Prince 
with so beautiful a Princess, will be produced a true heir to the 
American Empire, and ultimately to the Empire of the World. 
Such a match would be made in heaven and descend to earth 
like the New Jerusalem ! while most matches are made on earth, 
and some further down, judging from the sulphurous fumes 
produced by the least friction. 

The first son born from this royal match is to be called 
Honest Able, after his mother. The second son is to be called 
Hopeful ; the third, Faithful. The first daughter is to be named 
Charity, the second, Hope, and the third. Faith, and the remain- 
der after the nine Muses or Graces. With such a royal family 
we would not exchange with Queen Victoria, even with her 
crown and the Prince of Wales thrown in. Only think of our 
Great Republican Empire being ruled by Prince Honest Able, 
the eldest son of Prince Able and Princess Honest, and nephew 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 55 

to " Honest Abe" of blessed memory, and cousin to the Prince 
of Rails. It seems almost like the vision of the New Jerusa- 
lem descending from heaven to earth. But, in order to realize 
this glorious vision, we must prepare the way by a general clear- 
ing away of official rascality ; otherwise they would be breaking 
up, with sledge-hammers, the solid gates of pearl, and tearing up 
the golden pavements to manufacture into finger-rings, bracelets, 
and other ornaments to weigh down fingers, etc., otherwise light. 
As thing's now are, it would be a terribly hazardous experi- 
ment to let down the New Jerusalem anywhere near Washing- 
ton, unless strongly guarded at every gate by flaming swords 
of seraphim, flashing lightning-strokes in all directions ! Boss 
Shepherd, and the blessed Babcock, with their fast presidential 
friends and associates, would go through the Golden City like 
rats through a cheese ! not leaving gold enough to make a 
breast-pin, or pearl or diamond enough to reflect a stray sun- 
beam ! Yet to these precious, grinning rogues there would be 
a ready Grant of certificates of moral character freshly written 
and dashed with gold-dust recently gathered by bearers from 
the streets of the once golden, but now honeycombed city ! 

He says, " Let not a guilty one escape ;" 

But icrites to help each out the scrape! 

And thus by shifts he ever tries 

To throw the dust in people's eyes. 

And where should be a storm of wrath, 

Profusely strewn with flowers their path ! 

And where a penitentiary stroke, 

We find but presidential smoke ! 

And where religious peace should reign, 

Religious mar is now the strain ! 

Our Caesar sold his warlike steed, 

Now rides Religion in his need. 

Bend low your necks, ye Bishops wise ! 

He'll ride you downward from the skies, 

With break-neck speed, but rather civil, 

He'll ride you to the very devil ! 

Then, like his faithful war-horse stout, 

As cheap as dirt he'll sell you out ! 



56 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

Such fate impends whatever Caesar rides, 

So help hiin on his third-term strides ! 

God help the nation ! bishops turned to tools ; 

And proved, beyond a question, precious set of fools ! ! 

Thus onward, soon accelerated speed 

Will sell the nation, as his warlike steed ! 

For sale ! He holds the nation by the collar ; 

Who bids? Now going, gone! for just one dollar ! 

Impending crisis ! Closing up account ! 

Gil' Bishop, hold the stirrup, help him mount ! 

But stand all ready for a great rebound ; 

As Caesar goes up, toe all go quickly down ! 

Adown so far, so deep and dark a dell ! 

Another step, the nation is in hell ! 

So, Gilbert, hold ! nor push us any further 

In that direction, lest you scorch your feather. 

These third-term fools must all go down together. 






A FABLE. 



"An ass "having put on the skin of a lion, terrified men and 
beasts, as if he had been a Hon. But, by chance, as he moved 
himself too quickly, his ears stuck out. Hence, being known, 
he was drawn into a mill, where he suflPered punishment for his 
insolence. 

" This fable marks as fools those who flourish themselves in 
honors not their own." 

The lion is a noble animal ; he possesses great strength, but 
uses it in harmony with the laws of his nature ; he never destroys, 
only when necessity demands ; he is said to spare such as pros- 
trate themselves before him ; he is very honorable in his treat- 
ment of small animals ; he would disdain to injure a small dog 
or kitten within his grasp. This honorable use of his great 
power has caused him to be selected from all other animals to 
denote true majesty. 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 57 

Even the Prince of the House of David was called " The 
Lion of the Tribe of Judah." That Great Prince of Peace, 
as he moved in the majesty of truth through the world, dropped 
a Parchment for the guidance of his followers. On that Parch- 
ment are written such sublime truths as these : " Love thy 
neighbor as thyself"; "All things whatsoever ye would that 
men should do to you, do ye even the same to them." 

From that time down to the present, parties have been 
formed, changed, and dissolved ; but these great principles of 
truth remain the same. Parties perish, but principles endure. 
On these principles is based the political doctrine of Equal 
Kights. Parties that act out these principles remain and flour- 
ish ; parties that violate them pass away. Principles are to 
parties what the soul is to. the body. The former are enduring 
as the everlasting hills ; the latter often are as transient as the 
morning dew. 

Sometimes a party is formed with correct principles. Al- 
though meeting with opposition at first, it finally prevails, — it 
becomes popular. Then, by political prosperity, and the con- 
sequent in-rush of men with no principles but their pockets, 
that party gradually becomes corrupt. In such a case, honest 
men seek first to purge the party. If this cannot be done, they 
get out, and, carrying the principles of the party with th(nn, 
they form a new party, or rather a new edition of the old 
party. Now, which is the true party ? The advanced one, 
acting out the principles which gave all the real value and pros- 
perity to the old party, or the old party, i^rofessing the same 
principles, but 2^^'(^icticinff very different ones ? Evidently the 
old party is hke the ass in the lion's skin. The lion's heart 
is not there. Outside he looks the lion. Should he keep from 
braying, he might run a whole street, and every beholder think 
that he is a lion ; but, in some sudden turn, his ears betray him. 

The Administration men claim to be the Ecpublican \rdvty. 
They denounced Greeley as a sjylitter of that party. But hoio 
did he split it ? He, and those acting with him, denounced 



58 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

the abuses and departures that had beeu made from the princi- 
ples of true republicauism. He spht the part}' in the same way 
that forked Hghtning spUts pestilential air, — to purify it. The 
truth proclaimed was as a magnet, to draw forth and cluster about 
it all the particles of true metal from both parties. It is proposed 
to draw all the steel to the new party, and leave all the stealers 
in the old party. It is proposed to act out true republicanism 
and true democracy, and let Grant have all the mere-shams. 

Grant has tanned a lion's skin with all the hair on. He and 
his have drawn it nicely over the rag-shag and bob-tail of the 
old Republican party, and swear it is the Republican lion. But 
why look for the living among the dead? The soul of the old 
Republican jiarty has left that organization, and assumed a 
resurrection-body. This body is composed of true Republicans 
and true Democrats, who mean honestly to carry out the prin- 
ciples of the Constitution. 

There are now but two parties in the field, — the lion party 
and the lion-shin party. I earnestly exhort all who wish to see 
the nation protected^ to support the lion party. All who are 
willing to see the nation skinned, will, of course, support the 
lion-sI:in party. 

Our glorious Constitution, as it now stands, is all right ; the 
machinery of government is well constructed and of good mate- 
rial. The machinery is right, but the management is wrong. 
Our Constitutional track is of good steel, but unfortunately 
under the control of great stealers. Constitutionally, our thir- 
teen original cars, and all the new ones attached, are in fine 
running order. Under proper management, the train may 
safely and pleasantly run to National glory and immortality. 
But we have a most reckless and boorish conductor ; he exacts 
double fare from the passengers, and, while collecting it, puffs 
cigar-smoke full in their faces ! For engineers, we have a set 
of perfect dare-devils. In their breakneck speed they seem to 
forget that they are not driving the conductor's team of fast 
horses ! For brakemen, we have a precious set of scamps, who 



POLITICAL POIXTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 59 

keep a sharp lookout for unguarded pockets and loose valuables, 
and who often imitate their superiors by muddling their brains 
with brandy and other strong drinks. 

Now, is it safe to run thus ? Then put every rascal of them 
out, and put honest, sober, efficient men in their place, and 
thus save the Grovernmental Train from constant danger of a 
general smash ! The price of National safety is eternal vigi- 
lance over those intrusted with National power. Is it possible 
that, among so large a majority of sober, industrious, intelligent 
American citizens, there cannot be made a selection of candi- 
dates for office without taking tadpole-loafers, wind-broken, 
pocket-gaping, self-seeking, wine-bibbing, brandy -drinking, of- 
fice-itching politicians and reckless sharpers ? If so, let us own 
up to the Darwinian theory, only reversed, our ancestors being 
the men and we the monkeys ! Let us consider all the glorious 
past of our National history a fable, — a fiction, — invented to 
point a lack of morals and adorn a monkey's tail! Is our age 
so bare of able and honest statesmen as to force a selection from 
the tail-ends of moral Degradation ? Never, never, NEVER. 

Our true politicians and real statesmen are mostly in the 
condition of the poet's gems and flowers : 

" Full many a gem, of purest rav serene, 

The dark, unfathomed eaves of ocean bear; 
Full many a flower is born to blush unseen. 
And waste its sweetness on the desert air." 

But our false politicians and sham statesmen often rise and 
float on the surface, just as balloons rise and float in the air 
from theu' own gaseous expansion. 

Full many a rogue, with all his ways serene. 
Though dark and crooked as a winding stair, — 

Full many a such, without a blush, are seen 
To waste the nation's treasures everywhere ! 

Our National Politics have become terribly demoralized ; but 
the remedy is with the people. "Will they use it, and secure 
immortality to the Great Republican Empire ? 



60 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 



CENTENNIAL. 

It is now one hundred years since the bu'th of our nation. It 
was born, not from rebellion, but from true loyalty to the princi- 
ples of the British Constitution. The Revolution of 1776 was no 
more rebellion than was the English llevolution of 1 CSS. A revo- 
lution is a rolling about. When the roll is from right to wrong, 
it is rebellion ; when the roll is from wrong to right, it is loyalty 
of the highest kind. Of this kind was each of the above-named 
Revolutions. In that of 1GS8, James II. had violated the 
plainest principles of the British Constitution. The English 
people arose in their might, and put James II. out, and put 
the Prince and Princess of Orange in. By deviating slightly 
from the law of hereditary descent in bestowing the crown on 
William and Mary, they saved and secured the far more impor- 
tant laws of civil and religious freedom. And when a less law 
comes in necessary conflict with greater and far more important 
laws, true loyalty always directs to obey the greater. 

In the Revolution of 1776, our ancestors adhered strictly to 
the principles of the British Constitution. The colonists had 
emigrated under a royal promise that they should each enjoy all 
the rights of British subjects. One of these rights was taxa- 
tion only through the representatives of the people. This right 
George III. and the British Parliament persisted in violating, 
and in so doing violated the plainest principles of their own 
law. They taxed the colonies while unrepresented in Parlia- 
ment. Our Fathers adhered strictly to the good old English 
law of taxation only by representation, and for this adherence 
they had to fight. Now, who were the rebels, those fighting to 
obey the law, or those fighting to break the law ? George III. 
and the English Parliament were the real rebels. 

George III. was two-thirds tyrant and one-third fool ; and 
the English Parliament, with a few honorable exceptions, were 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. Gl 

very mueli like their master. Our ancestors bad to excom- 
municate both King and ParHament, and substitute in their 
place a President and Congi-ess, and finally a Constitution. 
This last contains all the excellencies of the British Constitu- 
tion, without its defects. 

As iEneas and the fugitive Trojans bore away from burning 
Troy the valuables of the Trojan nation, so our ancestors bore 
away from Britain all the excellencies of her government, 
and incorporated them in our own Constitution and laws, so 
that we are in fact a new edition of the British Empire, an 
editlo expurgata. The old edition will do for the old fogies of 
the Old World to read, and the old fogies may read with great 
advantage the old edition, for it will show Great Britain tar 
in advance of most of the other nations of Europe ; but the 
new edition is for the wide-awakes of both hemispheres to read. 
And here we are, on this glorious centennial, open to be read 
of all nations. We wish to be read, and to all the people of 
the earth we send greeting, and cordially invite them to come 
and read this new edition of the British Empire. And truly we 
may trace our national ancestry with no Darwinian blush. Our 
nation derives its origin from no race of monkeys or dandies, 
but from a race of sturdy, liberty-loving and God-fearing Eng- 
lishmen. England's march from barbarism and despotism to 
being highly civilized, liberalized, and christianized, is our his- 
tory. Her poets, her orators, her statesmen, her divines, her 
literature, are all ours. We claim them all by hereditary right. 
We are indeed proud of the old edition of the British Empire ; 
and we will venture to hint that if the year 1776 had found 
the British Empire under the rule of her present gentle queen 
and her present enlightened and liberal statesmen, there might 
have been no new edition. 

But we have long since cordially forgiven England for the 
way her crazy George and mulish Parliament treated us. And 
well we may ; for their tyi'anny and violation of British rights 
caused the pangs that gave our nation birth. We came, we 



62 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

saw. we conquered. We excommunicated King and Parliament, 
but not England. She is yet ours in all that is good and noble 
and true. Her laws, her literature, her progress, her philan- 
thropy, are yet models for the world's imitation. The Anglo- 
Saxon ideas of the old and new edition of the British Empire 
are yet to rule the world. " Rule Britannia," and especially the 
new edition ! And this edition we invite the world to read. 
Note our increase : We have grown from three millions to 
forty millions, or thirteen and one-third per cent., in one hun- 
dred years. If we increase in this ratio to our next centennial, 
we shall be five hundred and thirty-three and one-third millions, 
far outnumbering the present rate of the Celestial Empire. 

See our extent of surface — from the Atlantic to the Pacific, 
from the frozen regions of the old-edition Britain on the north 
to the Gulf and sunny regions of Mexico on the south, including 
the climates and productions of all zones. What nation has a 
more valuable extent of country than ours ? 

"No pent-up Utica contracts our powers; 
The boundless continent is ours," 

or at least enough to give us the continental control. 

See our rivers — how numerous, large, extensive, and valu- 
able for internal transportation and domestic commerce. Look 
at our numerous and extensive railroads, with iron bands bind- 
ing all parts of tlie country together. See our telegraphs, 
pressing the lightning into service of human thought. See 
our mountain systems, forming the backbone and ribs of the 
continent ; compared to some other mountains in other countries, 
how well behaved they are ! Etna, Vesuvius, and other volca- 
noes frequently fall into convulsions, and, as if they had the 
colic or cholera, belch forth their liquid vomit on all the sur- 
rounding plains : 

From throes deep down, their fiery craters spout, 
And pour their lava, like hell emptied out ! 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. G3 

while our mountains embrace tlie clouds, and kiss the floating- 
vapors into rain-drops, and send them in refreshing showers on 
the plains below. Oh, how much better is a shower of rain 
than a shower of fire and brimstone and scorching cinders from 
the yawning jaws of a heaving volcano ! How much better the 
springs, streamlets, streams, rivulets, and rivers that come oozinn, 
dripping, flowing, rippling, gushing, rushing, leaping from oui- 
mountain tops and sides to enrich and beautify our valhys and 
plains, than those rivers of lava that flow with dark, sullen roll 
and sudden ruin from volcanic mountains ! These are internally 
feverish, restless, rolling, and rakish, like i\\Q degenerate in- 
habitants of the surrounding plains ; while our mountains stand 
forth cool, majestic, peaceful, and continent, and look down upon 
an energetic and moral population. Truly every American heart 
should love God and his mountains and pity all volcanic 
neighbors ! 

See interspersed through the land churches, academics, col- 
leges, and universities. See the whole empire dotted over with 
public school-houses, where young American ideas sparkle like 
diamonds in the sunbeams. 

Read our Constitution, and consider the glorious principles of 
civil and religious freedom therein set forth. See millions of 
freemen sworn to maintain those principles inviolate. Let those 
principles be once seriously encroached upon, and ten thousand 
swords will leap from their scabbards, a million of bayonets 
will glitter in the sunshine, ready to pierce the violators of 
principles held dearer than life. 

Americans never fight except to maintain the right. Fighting 
for conquest is entirely out of our line. We expect to make 
all our conquests by spelling-books and Testaments, and keep 
our shot and shell exclusively for those who violate our rights. 
Self-defense is the first law of Nature. God has written it 
out on all the lower orders of animal creation, by investing 
all with means of self-defense. The letters of the law are 
horns, hoofs, tusks, shells, scales, stings, etc. They stand out on 



64 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

Nature's brow as plain as the letters on a new casting. If a 
man lias eyes, he can readily read them ; if he is blind, he may 
feel them. The letters of this law are also inscribed on all the 
extinct orders of ihQ old geologic creations, as is proved by the 
testimony of the rocks. 

Eut when men and nations learn to obey the laws of God, 
which are eternal right, there will be no need for fighting in 
self-defense ; for no rights will be violated, the whole world 
will be at peace. To this end our great Republic tends : so 
that we may truly say, "The empire is peace." It is moral 
suasion first, and shot and shell last, when all other kinds of 
suasion have failed. But some may say such language in rela- 
tion to a Christian nation is too belligerent. In reply, I ask, 
Who can understand Christianity better than its divine Au- 
thor ? Christ says, " Think not that I am come to send peace 
on earth. I came not to send peace, but a sword," etc. That 
is, although his kingdom is peace and everlasting righteous- 
ness, yet, it being in antagonism to a corrupt world, its intro- 
duction would necessarily cause divisions, strife, struggles, and 
war. 

When this great struggle between right and wrong was about 
to commence, Christ said to his little band of followers, " He 
that hath no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one." 
When the traitor Judas led forth a band of roughs to capture 
Jesus, he sneakingly approaches his noble Master and salutes 
him with a kiss. And, as the rabble gather about him, Peter, 
drawing his sword, " smote .the high-priest's servant, and cut 
oiF his right ear." Good ! Three cheers for Peter ! His was 
the first blow for freedom ! On this occasion the rock in Peter 
cropped out gloriously, though soon after it was for a time 
crushed out of him. After facing the roughest opposition in 
the field, at the Hall he quails and melts before a soft, rosy- 
cheeked, bright-eyed, quizzing Jewish maiden ! No wonder 
Peter had to curse and swear over such a base surrender! 
He sold out principle for personal safety. It was indeed a 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. G5 

dam(Ti)-sell, but one to wliicli poor fallen hunum nature is ex- 
tremely prone. His manly tears of bitter repentance, and his 
subsequent faithful adherence to his Master's cause, fully re- 
deemed his credit. 

He stood forth a bold champion of the truth. At first, 
Peter was marble in the rough ; afterwards, marble chiseled 
into curves of beauty. The old sword he used should be bap- 
tized in joyful tear-drops, and suspended in the Temple of 
Freedom as an everlasting trophy, while the beautiful epistles 
he wrote should be known and read of all lovers of freedom 
throughout the world. 

But it may be said that Peter was commanded to put up his 
sword. In like circumstances, any commander wisely brave and 
justly prudent would have done the same. What chance was 
there for twelve men, with only two swords, to successfully 
resist such a crowd, backed up by the power of the whole 
Jewish, nation ? They needed a good battery, with grape and 
canister, to scatter the rascally Jewish rabble. E.esistance would 
have only increased and complicated surrounding difficulties. 
And yet it was brave and noble and true in Peter to attempt it 
against such odds. But his bravery, and yet prompt obedience 
to his Master's order, proved him of good soldierly qualities. 
If I were a major-general, I would like to have Peter at the 
head of my staff of officers. I should be sure that he would 
stand the shock of battle like a rock. But I should want him 
to keep clear of the dtimsels. These melt even rocks some- 
times. 

But if it is claimed that Christ never approved of physical 
force, how came he to make a whip of small cords and lash the 
rascally money-changers out of the Temple? (The same way 
official money-grabbers of the present day ought to be served, 
that our beautiful Temple of Freedom may no longer be made 
a den of thieves !) Had not Christ made the order to desist 
from further force, there would probably have been more than 
one ear cut off, and perhaps some heads ! Peter was a rock, and, 

6* 



66 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

had the fight proceeded, some of the rabble would have felt his 
rou2;h edsres. 

But the same great Divme Teacher has said, " Render not 
evil for evil;" "Love your enemies," etc. But it is not ren- 
dering evil for evil for a nation to resist oppression ; but, on 
the other hand, it is rendering good for evil. Take one ex- 
ample. Had not our ancestors resisted Great Britain, and 
manfully sustained their rights, the?/ would have grown into a 
nation of tyrants, and *we into a nation of slaves. They would 
have despised us, and we cordially hated them. Now, instead 
of scorn and hate, there is mutual respect and love. The best 
way to love an encroaching enemy is to thrash him well till 
he learns better behavior; then feed him, and give the hand 
and heart of friendship. Thus there is produced mutual love 
and respect. Both parties are put in a mood highly satisfactory 
and Christian. 

Striking in malice or revenge is a very different thing from 
striking in self-defense or to maintain the right. If I receive 
a malicious blow on one cheek, rather than return a malicious 
blow it is better to turn the other cheek for another blow. For 
if I strike back in malice, I act from the same base motive that 
prompted the first injury; but if, before receiving the blow, I 
see my enemy approaching, and dexterously ward off the blow, 
and, if need be, chastise him severely, not in malice, but in 
order to teach him better manners, then I act from motives 
highly philanthropic, and therefore truly Christian. Malice 
and revenge are devilish ; but self-defense and defending the 
right and correcting the wrong, are divine. They spring from 
the noblest impulses which God has implanted in the human 
heart. This same principle of individual action applies also to 
nations. For one nation to submit tamely to wrong from an- 
other nation is a great injury to both ; but a prompt and patri- 
otic repelling of wrong is a great benefit to both. It effectually 
prevents national tyranny and slavery, and all the terrible 
evils invariably following in their train. It teaches a whole- 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 07 

some lesson to all nations to cease to do evil and learn to do 
well. It glorifies God by enthroning the right and dethroning 
the wrong. 

Ancient Rome fought for power ; we have fought for prin- 
ciple. Rome used her accumulated power for conquest; we 
have used ours for protection and improvement. Rome's civi- 
lization was Pagan ; ours is Christian. Her civilization was 
high for Pagan ; ours is higher, but not that " excelsior" its 
Christian type demands. Her literature was grand, solid, 
stately, and beautiful ; ours (trash excluded) is grandeur, solid- 
ity, stateliness, and beauty, all melted into utility and bap- 
tized into Christianity. Her laws, her language, being dead, 
yet speak in the laws and languages of modern civilization. 
Thus the better part of Rome lives. Thus she erected a 
monument more enduring than bronze or marble. 

While Rome remained frugal, and saved up her strength to 
grapple with obstacles in her way to glory, she prospered, she 
triumphed. But when she came into east/ circumstances, and 
became wealthy, insolent, corrupt, and tyrannical, then she 
began to fall. When luxury, licentiousness, and greed of gain 
began to prevail, she lost her former prestige of victory. Nero 
began her death-dirge when he commenced fiddling over flaming 
Rome. Her profligate emperors and sub-rulers reveled in her 
squandered treasures. It took Rome three hundred years to 
die. Her death-struggles were severe and prolonged in exact 
proportion to the greatness and intensity of her former national 
life. 

From the decline and fill of this great empire let our Re- 
public take warning, lest some future historian may have to 
record the mournful exordium, " Columbia fuit." If we fall, 
our death-struggles will be severer, as our advantages have been 
greater. If we, under the widely-spread rays of the Bible and 
science, still give ourselves up to the vices of ancient Rome, 
our guilt and fall will be fir more terrible than hers. She died 
from external forces, which her 'internal vices rendered lier 



G8 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

incapable of resisting ; but our dying would be suicidal. It 
our young Republic, like Samson shorn of his locks of strength 
and beauty by having fallen into the lap of false, deceptive 
pleasure, should be snared and taken and enslaved, and have 
both eyes (the Bible and Science) put out, yet the again- 
accumulated forces, in agony, would soon pour through the 
muscles of the enslaved giant sufficiently to enable him to bow 
between the huge pillars of the National Temple, and bury 
himself, with his tormentors, in the falling ruins ! 

To avoid such a fate, let our nation avoid the errors sure to 
produce such a fate. Never "go it blind," as Samson did. 
Never surrender the rule of State to Christless politicians and 
ungodly demagogues. Vote only for pure men, able and 
honest statesmen ; and if any politician anywise doubtful so- 
licits suffrage, first swear him on the eighth commandment. 
See, first, that he manages his own affairs well ; for if a man is 
not capable and honest in the management of his private af- 
fairs, how can he be so in that of public affairs ? Be surd and 
scratch his name if he has the office-?Yc/i. If the scratching 
does him no good, it will ease the Bepublic of a contagion far 
worse than seven-years' itch ! 

It is not generally hardships that ruin men and nations ; but 
it is the easy-ships that cause the ruin. And, unfortunately for 
the American people, these easy-ships are the only ones office- 
holders usually sail in. How many of our present office-holders 
have any idea of rendering a fair equivalent in services for the 
money they receive from the people ? Not they ! If you begin 
at the first rung of the official ladder, and proceed upward, you 
will find it worse and worse till you arrive at the Presidential 
top, where there is as little attention to official duties as there 
is attention to moral duties by a chief of a band of robbers ! 
Since things are so, let the American people arouse, and, 
breaking away from the shackles of party, come into the free- 
dom of principle, and vote only for honest, capable men to 
manage the extensive machinery of our great Western Empire. 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. C9 

And what more favorable time to begin than on this centennial 
of our nation's birth ? Then our next centennial will number 
two hundred years from the birth, and one hundred from the 
regeneration, of the Republic. 

God, the great author of individual and national life, has 
ordained that all power and all accumulations of power .^^hall 
be used as he uses hia power. He exerts his power through 
the universe for the welfare and happiness of his creatures. 
For this he creates suns and worlds, and swings them whiiliiig 
in their spheres through infinite space. For this he has nicely 
balanced all their motions. No jarring, no discord ; but har- 
mony, the music of the spheres, everywhere prevails. Let us 
now suppose a break in this music. 

" Let earth unbalanced from her orbit fly, 
Planets and suns run lawless through the sky, 
Let ruling forces from these spheres be hurled, 
Being on being wrecked, and world on world, 
Heaven's whole foundations to their centre nod. 
And Nature trembles to the throne of God!" 

Now, in the moral world, as in the natural, God has established 
laws or fixed modes of action. Under these laws all human 
actions are held by the grasp of Omnipotence. A departure 
from these laws by human beings or nations will sooner or 
later produce destruction. It must do so, as sure as God is. 
Such departures from moral law produce in the moral world 
confusion and ultimate ruin similar and as certain as these sup- 
posed by a break in the natural world. Obedience to law is 
the harmony of the universe, and disobedience is confusion 
worse and worse confounded till ultimate ruin. A nation in 
order to live and prosper must imitate God in the use of its 
power. The government of that nation must promote and pro- 
tect the welfare of the people. The inalienable God-given 
rights of the people must be secured. And this can be done 
only by filling the ofiices of government with just and true and 
able men. 



70 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

The moral law was given by Moses to the Jewish nation. 
It has a preamble, and is in ten articles, usually called the 
Decalogue, embracing all the moral duties of human nature. 
Afterwards the Great Teacher condensed this Decalogue into 
a Duologue. This compendium of all moral duties and beauties 
is supreme love to God and equal love to one's neighbor and 
self Now, if a man loves his neighbor as himself, his own 
mind is brought into such a condition as, like a mirror, to 
reflect the image of God so clearly to his moral perception that 
he cannot help loving God supremely as the sum of all moral 
perfection and beauty, and thus worshiping him in spirit and 
truth. 

But who is my neighbor ? This question has been already 
so beautifully answered that it needs but a reference. Who was 
neighbor to the man who fell among thieves? Was it the 
adjacent priest or Levite that looked on him and passed by on 
the other side ? Or was it the distant and despised Samaritan 
who " when he saw him had compassion on him, and went and 
bound up his wounds, pouring in oil and wine," etc.? He was 
neighbor who showed mercy on him. His moral qualities made 
him neighbor, and not his locality or nationality. Like loves 
its like, and seeks its like by a law as invariable as that which 
points the trembling needle to the pole. 

A moral nature possessing good qualities loves every other 
moral nature possessing like qualities. If I am a true man, 
every other one possessing true manhood is my brother; and 
every one possessing true womanhood is my sister ; and both 
are neighbors whom I am required to love equally with m^^self. 

But if any one supposes that I am required to love as myself 
a robber, a thief, a rascal, or a hypocrite, because he is locally 
near me, he makes a suj^position both hard and false. It is 
hard because it is impossible, and for the same reason it is 
false. No true man can love qualities, personified in the de- 
faced outlines of a man, which are in themselves hateful, and 
which God hates. He may love even the faintly-traced out- 



POLITICAL FOISTS FOR THE FEOFLE. 71 

lines of a man as soon as those outlines no longer inclose such 
hateful qualities. If he can persuade or chastise or in any way 
cast out the bad qualities and see the man repo.<sessed with 
good qualities, then he becomes neighbor again to be loved as 
one's self. But to love a being while possessed of hateful 
qualities, and acting under them, is impossible. And as all truth 
is possible, and as the supposition is not possible, it is therefore 
not true, but false. Love exercised towards objects worthy of 
love is the sum of the moral law. This force in the moral 
world is like the gravitating force in the natural world. " It 
binds, connects, and equals all" on whom it acts. It is eternal 
right, and protection and favor to all according to moral worth. 
It is true moral freedom, and finally has given birth to civil 
and religious freedom as embodied in the immortal Declaration 
and Constitution of the United States. Read the first sentence 
of the Declaration and Preamble of the Constitution. See 
every word sparkling with moral truth like diamonds reflecting 
sunbeams ! Jeflferson, the Great Apostle of Political Truth, 
there speaks as if by inspiration, reflecting essentially the same 
sublime truths taught more than eighteen centuries ago by the 
great, though humble, Xazarene. Well might the Emperor 
Julian exclaim, ••Q Galilean ! thou hast conquered," when the 
sublime truths he taught so soon spread through the ancient 
world, obscured in their brightness the diadem of the Caesars, 
swept through all opposition, shone through the chaos of the 
dark ases, brous-ht the world ao;ain to a resurrection of light, 
and finally breathed the spirit of civil and religious freedom 
into the American Constitution. That sacred instrument is 
indestructible. Even if tyrants could tear it into atoms, they 
could not tear it from the American heart. There it is so 
indelibly written that it can fade away only as that heart heaves 
its last crimson tide ! 

Our Constitution stands before the world as the beau ideal 
of political truth, based on moral and religious truth as revealed 
in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament. As God in 



72 THE DIAMOND MIRROR, REFLECTING 

his providence raised up the Jewish nation to enlighten and 
bless and renovate the ancient world, so he has raised up our 
nation to illustrate and disseminate the blessings of civil and 
religious freedom to the modern world. How sacred the trust ! 
Let it never be betrayed. Let us never, like that nation, prove 
false to our mission and pull down the beautiful temple of 
freedom on our own heads. 

And let all the world know that by Divine aid we will " hold 
the fort." We will " trust in Grod and keep our powder dry." 
And let all encroaching tyrants know that our nation stands 
forth in the attitude of the minister preaching to a congregation 
of rowdies, with Bible open and braced on each side by a six- 
shooter ! We say to them, " Bibles or bullets ?" " Choose ye." 
We advise and hope that you take Bibles. These will do you 
far more good than bullets. But if you are too thick-headed 
and hard-hearted to take Bibles, and you persist in wronging 
us, take bullets. They may soften your hard hides, and thus 
do you some good. They will at least do the world good by 
protecting the right and crushing the wrong. 

The perfection of human legislation is to harmonize with 
divine legislation : the less with the greater. The higher-law 
doctrine is no political heresy ; but William Seward was^ not 
its first expounder. Peter taught it when he said, " We ought 
to obey God rather than men." It is beautifully described by 
Hooker, as " That law whose seat is the bosom of God, and 
whose voice is the harmony of the world." Sir William Black- 
stone taught it when he said, that " If the British Parliament 
enact a law contrary to the law of God, no one would be bound 
to obey it." Jefferson inferentially taught it in the first clause 
of the Declaration ; for no law can hold against an inalienahle 
right. Common sense teaches it. Suppose a legislature should 
pass a law that on the first day of each month every man should 
whip his wife and spank all his children ! What an outrage to 
wives and light infantry ! Who would feel obligated to obey 
any such law ? The only obligation felt would be to kick out 



POLITICAL POINTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 73 

the legislative fools who had passed any such pretended law. 
Blackstone's definition of law sustains the higher-law doctrine : 
" Law is a rule of action prescribed by the supreme power of 
the State, commanding what is right and prohibiting what is 
wrong." But suppose it commands what is wrong and pro- 
hibits what is right, then it is no law. A legislature might as 
well attempt to legislate the earth out of its orbit as to legislate 
wrong into right. In the one case, the earth moves right along, 
nicely balanced in her sphere ; while in the other the right 
moves evenly along in her eternal orbit, discharging thunder- 
bolts of divine wrath at such as are foolhardy enough to attempt 
to disturb her motion. The legislator who puts himself in 
opposition to the higher law, is in a position as unfortunate as 
that of the belligerent bull, that, having got on the iron track, 
and there bracing himself, shakes his curly pate at the advancing 
locomotive. 

Clear the track, the world is waking, 
Night is gone, and day is breaking. 
Seek the right in legislation, 
Thus secure the State's salvation. 
Only tyrants are opposing ; 
These the people are deposing. 
Forward, then, our youthful nation ! 
God and freedom be our ration ! 
Clear the way, the States are waking, 
O'er the night the day is breaking. 
See the King of day arising, 
In his golden chariot riding; 
See the stars before him fleeing ; 
See the mists of darkness leaving; 
See yon archway all a-glowiug, 
O'er the earth such beauty throwing; 
See the Monarch now ascending, 
Lowly from his chariot bending, 
Kissing dew-drops pure, adorning, 
Prom the rosy lips of Morning! 

So may the glorious Sun of Righteousness, having risen upon 
the earth, and especially upon our nation, continue to shine till 
D 7 



74 THE DIAMOND MIRROR. 

the mists of error and ignorance shall flee away, leaving un 
obscured the sparkling- diamonds of truth. Then ria-hteousness 
and peace will have kissed each other. Then the nations will 
have to learn war no more, for the might and the right will at 
last coincide. 

When all human laws become conformed to the higher or 
Divine law, then the kingdoms of this world will have become 
the kingdoms of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, and He 
shall reio-n for ever and ever, and our earth, instead of being 
'' Paradise Lost," will be '' Paradise Regained." 



THE DIAMOND MIRROR, 



REFLECTING 



POLITICAL POKTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 



WITH 



A POi:XTED CEXTEXXIAL. 



BY 



PAUL US, 

OXCE OXE OF "the B0V5 IX BLrE." 



Young America, see thyself. 



PHILADELPHIA 
187 6. 



I 



''The Diamond Mirror" will he sent, postage 
paid, to any address on receipt of 20 cents 
by mail. 

AMERICANUS JUNIUS, 

Chatham P. 0., Chester Co., Pa. 



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